Chapter 9 Predicting Reaction Products

1. Single Replacement Reactions Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound. A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-). element + compound  compound + element A + BC  AC + B (if A is a metal) OR A + BC  BA + C (if A is a nonmetal) (remember the cation always goes first!) When H 2 O splits into ions, it splits into H + and OH - (not H + and O 2- !!)

Single Replacement Reactions Predict the products of the following reaction: Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl). Al (s) + HCl (aq)  AlCl 3(aq) + H 2(g)

Practice 1.Al + Sn 3 P 2 → 2.Cr(NO 3 ) 3 + Pb → 3.F 2 + Na 2 O → 4.Na + water →

2. Double Replacement Reactions Double Replacement Reactions occur when the cations in two compounds switch places. compound + compound  compound + compound AB + CD  AD + CB

Double Replacement Reactions To build your two new compounds switch the cations. Check ion charges to build neutral compounds and write the cation first. Example: AgNO 3(aq) + NaCl (s)  Another example: K 2 SO 4(aq) + Ba(NO 3 ) 2(aq)  AgCl (s) + NaNO 3(aq) 2KNO 3(aq) + BaSO 4(s)

Practice 1.HCl + AgNO 3  2.CaCl 2 + Na 3 PO 4  3.Pb(NO 3 ) 2 + BaCl 2  4.FeCl 3 + NaOH  5.KOH (aq) + CuSO 4(aq) 

3. Decomposition Reactions The simplest decomposition reactions occur when a binary compound breaks up into its elements. Compound  Element + Element In general: AB  A + B Example: 2 H 2 O  2H 2 + O 2 Example: 2 HgO  2Hg + O 2

Decomposition PbO 2(s)  AlN (s) 

Practice 1.Mg 3 P 2 → 2.LiCl →

4. Synthesis reactions The simplest Synthesis reactions occur when two elements combine and form a binary compound. element + element  compound Basically: A + B  AB Example: 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O Example: Fe + Cl 2  FeCl 2

Synthesis Na (s) + Cl 2(g) 

Practice 1. Mg (s) + F 2(g)  2.Al (s) + O 2(g) 

Combustion Combustion reactions combine a hydrocarbon with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. - C 5 H 12 + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O

Practice 1.C 10 H 22 + O 2  2.C 12 H 22 O 11 + O 2 

Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples (In Notebook) HgO  Al + Pb(NO 3 ) 2  K + water  N 2 O 5  PbCl 2 + Li 2 SO 4 

Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples (In Notebook) HgO  Al + Pb(NO 3 ) 2  K + water  N 2 O 5  PbCl 2 + Li 2 SO 4 

Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples Cl 2 + LiI  H 2 + O 2  AgNO 3 + K 2 SO 4  CH 3 OH + O 2  Pb + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 

Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples Cl 2 + LiI  H 2 + O 2  AgNO 3 + K 2 SO 4  CH 3 OH + O 2  Pb + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 

Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples C 3 H 8 + O 2  MgBr 2 + FePO 4  Li 2 S  K + Br 2 

Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples C 3 H 8 + O 2  MgBr 2 + FePO 4  Li 2 S  K + Br 2 

Homework  “6 example problems” (on the back of Prediction of Reaction Products – In Class Examples).