ECE-498 Matt Statton Advisor: Professor Hanson

 Goals of athletic training ◦ Muscle hypertrophy through stimulation  Muscle fatigue during a specified repetition range  Maximum motor unit recruitment inducing muscle hypertrophy  Benefits of effective training ◦ Increased results ◦ Injury prevention  Many people do not know how to properly fatigue their muscles ◦ Personal trainers

 How it works ◦ Raises awareness of unconscious physiological activities ◦ Control ◦ Adjustment  Uses ◦ Anxiety and stress ◦ Hypertension ◦ ADHD

 Electrical signals produced by muscles can be used as an indicator of muscle fatigue  Giving users the ability to recognize their level of muscle fatigue will lead to improved athletic training ◦ Maximizing muscle fatigue ◦ Decreasing injury

 Measure electrical signals from muscles  Analyze signal to determine level of muscle fatigue  Determine threshold at which muscle fatigue occurs  Provide feedback response to user

 Measure electrical signals from muscles ◦ Electromyography  Intramuscular vs. surface electromyography  Cost effectiveness  Measurement accuracy

Figure 1: Electromyogram from

 Measure electrical signals from muscles ◦ Electromyography  Analyze signal to determine level of muscle fatigue ◦ Analog-to-digital conversion ◦ Measure absolute and relative maximum amplitudes of signal  Determine threshold at which muscle fatigue occurs  Provide feedback response to user

 Important components ◦ MAX666CPA Voltage Regulator ◦ LT1494 operational amplifier, A = 1 cc /2  Provides virtual ground at V cc /2 ◦ INA106 differential amplifier, A = 10  High common-mode rejection ratio  Figure 2: Electromyograph circuit based on circuit diagram from Projects/s2005/bsm24_ajg47/website/website/inde x.htm

 LPKF ProtoMat C20S Circuit Board Plotter Figure 3: LPKF Circuit Board Plotter from protomat-h100.jpg

Figure 4: EagleCAD schematic of electromyograph circuit Figure 5: EagleCAD board file created from schematic

Figure 6: CircuitCam circuit board diagramFigure 7: BoardMaster circuit board diagram

Figure 8: Front of printed circuit boardFigure 9: Back of printed circuit board

 Analyze signal to determine level of muscle fatigue  Determine threshold at which muscle fatigue occurs  Provide feedback response to user

 Silicon Labs C8051F020 microcontroller ◦ On-board analog-to-digital converter  ADC0 = 12-bit  ADC1 = 8-bit ◦ Programmable in C

Figure 10: Flow chart of electromyograph signal analysis program

Figure 11: Contraction and relaxation of muscles of the upper arm from 10/vlt9QAl2A5.jpg

Figure 12: Electromyogram of relaxed biceps muscle (Range = 30 mV) Figure 13: Electromyogram of fully contracted and relaxed biceps muscle (Range = 250 mV )

Figure 14: Electromyogram of slightly contracted and relaxed biceps muscle (Range = 130 mV) Figure 15: Electromyogram of fully contracted, slightly contracted, and relaxed biceps muscle

 Signal processing  More sophisticated user interface ◦ LCD screen ◦ Buttons ◦ Threshold calibration ◦ Low battery indicator  Electrode leadwire connectors ◦ FDA regulations

 The 8051 microcontroller is not yet accurately measuring absolute and relative maximum amplitudes of the signal  Electrical signals were successfully measured using surface electromyography  Continuing work will be done to successfully analyze the signal and provide users a feedback response based on muscle fatigue

 Professor Hanson  Professor Hedrick  Ben Bunes

Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback. 4 June Gariety, Arthur and Madoff, Benjamin. ECE 476 Final Project: Wireless Electromyograph. 13 November U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Electromyography. 4 June