Catalyst – March 6-2, 2013 Monday Mystery Element 1. Can often form 5 bonds 2. 3 dots on Lewis Dot Structure 3. Isolated in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy

Other Boron Facts From the Arabic and Persian words for Borax Borax = Na 2 B 4 O 7 (cleaning)

Today’s Agenda  Catalyst/Turn in Projects  Welcome to Unit 4: Chemical Hook-Ups!!!!  Vocabulary  Notes: Chemical Bonding, Octet Rule, and LDS  Work Time  ACT Prep #1!!!  Exit Question HW: Workbook Pages HONORS HW: Workbook Pages 81, 82, 84

Today’s Objectives  SWBAT define important terms for Unit 4.  SWBAT describe the Octet Rule.  SWBAT draw Lewis Dot Structures (aka Electron Dot Structures) for representative elements.

Unit 4: Chemical Hook-Ups  In this unit, you will be learning about how atoms hook-up, or bond. The unit will include…  Lewis Dot Structures: Octet Rule, Number of Bonds, Stable Ions, Ionization Energy  Ionic Compounds vs. Covalent Compounds, Electronegativity Difference  Formulas and Names for Compounds  Speed Dating

Time to Fall In Love…

LESSON TITLE: CHEMICAL BONDING, OCTET RULE, LDS

What is a Compound? VOCAB!!! A chemical bond results from interaction between valence electrons of different atoms.

Chemical Bonding  Key Point #1: There are two main ways that valence electrons interact between atoms to create chemical bonds: 1. IONIC BOND = Transfer of ve- 2. COVALENT BOND = Sharing of ve-

Chemical Bond Spotlight: NaCl (table salt) 2 different elements:  Sodium (Na)  Chlorine (Cl) 1 compound:  Sodium chloride (NaCl) NaCl NaCl

What is a Compound? VOCAB!!! A chemical bond results from interaction between valence electrons of different atoms.

Chemical Bond Spotlight: NaCl (table salt) Let’s see a video!

Group 6A Group 7A Group 8A

Key Point #2: The octet rule says that atoms are most stable when they have a full valence shell (2 or 8 valence electrons). Atoms can gain, lose, or share electrons to become stable Octet Rule

How do you know what an atom will do to satisfy the octet rule??? NUCLEUS ALL TOGETHER, SODIUM HAS 11 ELECTRONS. P=11 N=12

Lewis Dot Structures Key Point #3: Lewis Dot Structures (aka electron dot structures) only show the number of valence electrons in an atom.  Valence electrons are the only electrons involved in bonding  Valence electrons are the most important electrons

LDS BOHR MODEL

Drawing Lewis Dot Structures 1. Write element symbol. 2. Determine number of valence electrons. 3. Place single dot on right side and add single dots counterclockwise. EXAMPLES COMING UP…

LDS Example 1: Sodium (Na) 1. Write element symbol. 2. Determine number of valence electrons. 3. Place single dot on right side and add single dots counterclockwise.

LDS Example 2: Neon (Ne) 1. Write element symbol. 2. Determine number of valence electrons. 3. Place single dot on right side and add single dots counterclockwise.

You try! 1. Boron 2. Oxygen 3. Lithium

Lewis Dot Sructures

Work Time! You gon’ put it down…. You gon’ fall in love!

Exit Question 1. Describe an ionic bond. 2. Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for Magnesium (atomic number = 12). HW: Workbook Pages HONORS HW: Workbook Pages 81, 82, 84

ACT Prep – What to Expect on March 19 th !  4 Timed Sections  English: 75 Questions, 45 Minutes  Math: 60 Questions, 60 Minutes  15 Minute Break  Reading: 40 Questions, 35 Minutes  Science: 40 Questions, 35 Minutes

ACT Science – What to Expect  “Measures the interpretation, analysis, evaluation, reasoning, and problem-solving skills required in the natural sciences”  “The content of the Science Test includes biology, chemistry, physics, and the Earth/space sciences…Advanced knowledge in these subjects is not required…The test emphasizes scientific reasoning skills over recall of scientific content, skill in mathematics, or reading ability.”

ACT Science – What to Expect  7 Passages  2-3: Data Representation  3-4: Research Summaries  1 Conflicting Viewpoints

ACT Science – General Tips  Take approximately 5 minutes per passage  If you can take less time than that, then you will have time at the end to check answers/bubbles  Scan/skim each passage, especially those with tables, graphs, and/or diagrams  Don’t meticulously study everything  Get the general idea and move onto the questions

General Test-Taking Tips  EAT and SLEEP! Be ON TIME to school!  Be aware of your time and pace yourself  Don’t get stuck on a question – if you don’t know it, move on – all questions are worth the same  When “flat-out guessing,” pick one letter to bubble in and stick with that (B or C suggested)  Do not leave any question blank on the answer document – there is no penalty for guessing  Stay mentally tough – you’re on a mission to DOMINATE the test, not become friends with it or to let it beat you down

Timed Practice  1 Passage  5 Minutes  DOMINATE!!!!

Catalyst – March 6-2, 2013 Monday Mystery Element 1. Can often form 5 bonds 2. 3 dots on Lewis Dot Structure 3. Isolated in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy

Other Boron Facts From the Arabic and Persian words for Borax Borax = Na 2 B 4 O 7 (cleaning)

Today’s Agenda  Catalyst/Turn in Projects  Quick! ACT Prep #1!!!  Library for Science Fair Research/Work Time!  No Exit Question Today! HW: Workbook Pages HONORS HW: Vocabulary

Today’s Objectives  SWBAT know what to expect on March 19 th ’s ACT.  SWBAT begin to become experts on their Science Fair topic by finding at least 2 legitimate, citable sources of information by Friday!