Indus Valley Civilization 2,500-1,500 B.C. PAGE 42.

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Presentation transcript:

Indus Valley Civilization 2,500-1,500 B.C.

PAGE 42

I.Geography of Indus Valley: A. Indian subcontinent is a large, flat, fertile plain protected by two rivers. 1. Indus River 2. Ganges River

B. Subcontinent: a large landmass that is separate from the rest of the continent.

C. What geographic features create natural barriers between India and the rest of the Asian continent?

D. Monsoons: seasonal winds that dominate India’s climate

October - May Winter winds from the northeast blow dry air across the subcontinent – little to no rainfall

June- September The winds shift (hopefully) and come from the southwest carrying moisture from the ocean – heavy rainfall

II.Religion: Polytheistic – believed in many gods and goddesses A. Early form of Hinduism which is still practiced in India today

3 Main Gods: Brahma Vishnu Shiva Brahma Vishnu Shiva

III.Contributions: A. Most well known for their complex and well organized city building: 1. Mohenjo-Daro 2. Harappa

B.Laid cities in precise grid system

C. Citadels – fortresses placed on a hilltop for protection from invaders

D.Houses were made of brick and had plumbing with baths, toilets, and chutes that led out to sewer systems.

E. Sanskrit—system of writing

F. First to grow cotton and weave it into cloth

G. Had extensive trade networks – trading as far as Mesopotamia

IV.Cause for decline: 1500 B.C. – nomadic warriors called Aryans invaded and conquered a declining Indus Civilization

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