The Effects of Focused Attention and Varied Peripheral and Central Changes on Change Blindness and Change Detection Teal Maxwell Emily Welch Naomi Janett.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Research Process: How We Find Things Out
Advertisements

Birth Order Study Jamie Monzo, Saleha Chaudhry, Ann Kimble, Maria Lim, and Sara Torelli.
Attention on our mind: the role of spatial attention in visual working memory Theeuwes, J., Kramer, A. F. & Irwin, D. E. (2011). Acta Psychologica, 137,
Emoticons in IM Conversations  Past Research: –IM supplies a flexible medium for a wide range of conversations (Nardi et al., 2000). –According to the.
Eye-witness testimony
Effects of Sexualization in Advertisements Alyssa Zaid and Phillip Walker Hanover College.
Motivation and Memory Processes By James W. Erikson Hanover College.
Age Differences in Emotion Recognition of Briefly Presented Faces Lisa Emery, Kory Morgan, Kaitlyn Pechanek & Caitlin Williams Reprints may be obtained.
Eye Movements of Younger and Older Drivers Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
Social Acceptability of Sport Fan Aggression Based on Gender and Age Jeannie Curry Amy Manning Noelle Smith Martha Young.
NAMES OF PRESENTERS Levels of Processing: Effects of Pictures and Age on Word Retention.
LOGO The role of attentional breadth in perceptual change detection Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
L EARNING METHODS Kai Cabatu, Ayca Coskunpinar, and Cody Davis.
Female Mock Jurors and the Child Victim: An Assessment of Age and Sex as Factors in Trial Sentencing Theresa Bardy Amanda Dubs Beverly Guilbault Christine.
LOGO Effects of scene inversion on change detection of targets matched for visual salience Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
The Effects of Extrinsic Motivation and Subsequent Absence on Test Taking Performance Kimala Bennet, Aja Crockett, Sophia Hsu, Lisa Poulin, Dina Zelyony.
Effects of Attending an All-Women’s College on Women’s Recognition of Facial Emotional Expressions in Males and Females Alexandrina M. Gomes Petya D. Radoeva.
By Kelly Bauer, Lindsay Marsh, and Jackie Martin.
The Effects of Priming Success and Level of Behavioral Involvement on Mount Holyoke Women December 4 th, 2002 By: Erin Grimshaw, By: Erin Grimshaw, Mary.
The Effect of Leading Questions and Time Elapsed on Eyewitness Accuracy in Identifying a Perpetrator in a Crime David Browne, Elizabeth Foster, Elizabeth.
The Effects of Restriction of Recognition on False Memory Annamarie Elmer, Holly Heindselman, Rachel Robertson Hanover College.
Perceptions of Sexual Identity Based Upon Physical Cues Nichole Austin Lindsey Wolf Michelle Yount.
Megan Campbell Jen Hill Mariko Osada Emily Otto Debbie Spencer Becky Vick.
APA- Abstract, Results & Discussion (Smith & Davis, 2005; Mitchell & Jolley, 2004)
Learning Styles and Comprehension Brought to you by: Jennifer, Annika, and Katharine.
The Effects of Type of Stimulus and Time of Day on Memory Accuracy Rebecca Bartlett, Heather Ferguson, Laura Frasco, Abigail Poole, & Emily Sylvester Mount.
The Likelihood of Revealing Secrets Based on Severity and Consequence
The Impact of Distraction on Short-Term Memory
The Effects of Social Presence and Modeling on Gestures Patricia Mullings-Thomas, Christy E. O’Brien, Lillan Schatvet, Sarah Shattuck and Yifat Tamir Mount.
Suggestibility Affecting Perception Carolina Fox Maggie Zager David Elkin Fran Gottenkieny.
The Impact of Gendered Physical Activities and Athletic Participation on Sex Roles Jennifer Holberg, Kate Jubinville, Rebekka Lee and Elizabeth Steinberg.
TEMPLATE DESIGN © Recollection of Negative & Positive Images Jackie Davis (Dr. Hildy Schilling, sponsor) Behavioral Sciences.
The Effects of Meditation and Contemplative Prayer on Executive Functioning Ashley Schreiber with Daniel Eckert Discussion The results indicate that short,
Thinking Critically with Psychological Science Chapter 1
The Effect of a Prism Manipulation on a Walking Distance Estimation Task Jonathan Giles Beverley Ho Jessica Blackwood-Beckford Aurora Albertina Dashrath.
 Increasing the amount of hours spent studying and doing homework on a daily basis  Increasing the amount of work completed while studying on a daily.
Frequency Judgments in an Auditing-Related Task By: Jane Butt Presenter: Sara Aliabadi November 20,
DEAD ZONE OF VISUAL ATTENTION REVEALED BY CHANGE BLINDNESS Igor S. Utochkin Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
APA Format Abstract & Introduction Psychology 291 October 23, 2012.
Chapter 1: Research Methods
The Experiment Only research method capable of showing cause and effect.
ANOVA. Independent ANOVA Scores vary – why? Total variability can be divided up into 2 parts 1) Between treatments 2) Within treatments.
The Effects of Stress on Memory Final Project Research Design and Analysis Melissa VanToever Lauren McCreight.
Scientific Method for a controlled experiment. Observation Previous data Previous results Previous conclusions.
Introduction to research methods 10/26/2004 Xiangming Mu.
Andrew Pennington and Nathan Hickman Hanover College.
The Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information Arnaud D’Argembeau, Martial Van der Linden University of Geneva Emotion December 2005, Vol.
Effect of a concurrent auditory task on visual search performance in a driving-related image-flicker task Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
On the Failure to Detect Changes in Scenes Across Brief Interruptions Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
Organization of Working Memory— Reconciling Two Different Models Anna Alapatt.
Results Table 1 Table 1 displays means and standard deviations of scores on the retention test. Higher scores indicate better recall of material from the.
The Effects of Color on Flavor Ratings Stephanie Mattson Denise White
Older Driver Failures of Attention at Intersections: Using Change Blindness Methods to Assess Turn Decision Accuracy Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
LOGO Change blindness in the absence of a visual disruption Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
 Example: seeing a bird that is singing in a tree or miss a road sign in plain sight  Cell phone use while driving reduces attention and memory for.
DO IN-VEHICLE ADVANCE SIGNS BENEFIT OLDER AND YOUNGER DRIVER INTERSECTION PERFORMANCE? Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
Covert Attention Results (Spring). Covert Attention Results (Fall ’05)
Traffic scene related change blindness in older drivers Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
1 Scientific Method Learning Target: I can describe the steps in the scientific method.
A Comparison of Methods for Estimating the Capacity of Visual Working Memory: Examination of Encoding Limitations Domagoj Švegar & Dražen Domijan
Poster presented at APS 2014 Abstract This study was conducted to determine if explaining criminal behavior influences later identification. Schooler and.
 Experiment  an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe their effect on some behavior or mental process (the.
LOGO Visual Attention in Driving: The Effects of Cognitive Load and Visual Disruption Professor: Liu Student: Ruby.
Frustration and Automatic Processing
Sarah K. Arboleda and Jaclyn E. Reagan
Dense Regions of View-Invariant Features Promote Object Recognition
The Sexual imprinting of facial hair preference on female mate selection By, Sierra koskela.
Understanding the Scientific Method
Understanding a Psychological Study
Effects of Sexualization in Advertisements
Presentation transcript:

The Effects of Focused Attention and Varied Peripheral and Central Changes on Change Blindness and Change Detection Teal Maxwell Emily Welch Naomi Janett Jessica Padgett

Defining Terms Change Blindness Change Detection Focused Attention

Previous Research Type of Change Central changes were very frequently detected, but peripheral changes were rarely detected unless the participants’ attention was directed to the peripheral images (Turatto, Angrilli, Mazza, Umilta, & Driver 2002). Peripheral changes take longer to detect (Shore & Klein, 2000).

Previous Research Area of Focus Usually details of an image can only be remembered if one’s attention is focused on the feature that is changing (Rensink,O’Regan & Clark 1997). Cueing participants to the area of change substantially increases their ability to detect a change (Turatto, Angrilli, Mazza, Umilta, & Driver 2002).

Variables Independent »Type of Change (Central or Peripheral) »Area of Focus (Central, Peripheral, or None) Dependent »Number of Correctly Identified Changes (out of 5)

Hypothesis Central changes will be more easily detected than peripheral changes With attention guidance more changes will be detected Participants in the condition with central changes and centrally focused attention will correctly detect more changes than the other experimental conditions

Method Participants 200 total participants » 31 Central Change and Central Focus » 37 Central Change and Peripheral Focus » 37 Central Change and No Focus » 30 Peripheral Change and Central Focus » 30 Peripheral Change and Peripheral Focus » 35 Peripheral Change and No Focus Female Mount Holyoke College students Random assignment

Materials 2 photos per condition (6 total conditions) Photos taken by an Olympus digital camera

Materials Pictures printed on a 8.5” x 11” sheet of paper Changes detected were reported on 3” x 5” notecard Stopwatch used for timing Consent form Debriefing statement

Procedure Participant signed consent form Participants given notecard Directions read depending on condition Original photo shown for 30 seconds 5 second pause Modified photo shown for 30 seconds Participants recorded changes detected Debriefing statement presented

Central Original

Peripheral

Central with Focus Original with Focus

Peripheral with Focus

Results Dependent Variable The number of correctly detected changes out of a possible 5

Hypothesis Central changes will be more easily detected than peripheral changes With attention guidance more changes will be detected Participants in the condition with central changes and centrally focused attention will correctly detect more changes than the other experimental conditions

Results Analysis Data were analyzed using a two-way independent groups ANOVA Central changes »Mean: 3.03 »Standard Deviation: 1.63 Peripheral changes »Mean: 1.71 »Standard Deviation: 1.41 Results significant, p <.001

Results Analysis Central focus Mean: 2.56 Standard Deviation: 2.22 Peripheral focus Mean: 1.89 Standard Deviation: 1.23 No focus Mean: 2.74 Standard Deviation: 1.33

Results Analysis Central Change-Central Focus Mean: 4.56 Standard Deviation: 0.57 Central Change-Peripheral Focus Mean: 1.43 Standard Deviation: 1.28 Central Change-No Focus Mean: 3.35 Standard Deviation: 1.03 Peripheral Change-Central Focus Mean: 0.5 Standard Deviation: 1.14 Peripheral Change-Peripheral Focus Mean: 2.47 Standard Deviation: 0.90 Peripheral Change-No Focus Mean: 2.09 Standard Deviation: 1.31 Results significant at p <.001 level

Discussion Main Effect One Participants in the central condition correctly detected significantly more changes than participants in the peripheral condition. Central changes are detected more frequently (Turatto, et al. 2002).

Discussion Main Effect Two Participants who received central attention guidance or no attention guidance detected significantly more changes than those receiving peripheral guidance. When attention is focused on the central aspects of an image, changes are detected more frequently than when no guidance is given (Turatto, et al. 2002).

Discussion Interaction For central changes –those who received central attention guidance performed better than those receiving peripheral or no attention guidance –those who received no attention guidance performed better than those receiving peripheral attention guidance For peripheral changes –those who received peripheral attention guidance correctly detected more changes than those receiving central or no attention guidance. –those who received no attention guidance correctly detected more changes than those receiving central attention guidance

Discussion Interaction - Previous Research When attention is directed to the area in which the change is taking place, the change is more likely to be detected (Turatto, et al. 2002). Without attention guidance, new stimuli “overwrite” what is stored in visual memory (Rensink, et al. 1997).

Discussion Implications Central changes are more often detected than peripheral changes Attention is naturally focused centrally Attention plays a role in change detection

Questions? THE END