Phylum Annelida The Segmented Worms

Classes of Annelida Class Polychaeta (fanworms, clam worms) Class Polychaeta (fanworms, clam worms) Class Oligochaeta (earthworms) Class Oligochaeta (earthworms) Class Hirudinea (Leeches) Class Hirudinea (Leeches) Classes not covered Classes not covered Class Branchiobdellida Class Branchiobdellida Class Acanthobdellida Class Acanthobdellida

General Characteristics Annelids are to be found in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats Annelids are to be found in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats The body is vermiform, bilaterally symmetrical, and segmented The body is vermiform, bilaterally symmetrical, and segmented Each segment is separated from contiguous ones by a transverse septum Each segment is separated from contiguous ones by a transverse septum The body is triploblastic with a well developed coelom The body is triploblastic with a well developed coelom The body is covered with a flexible non-chitinous cuticle The body is covered with a flexible non-chitinous cuticle

General Characteristics Most forms have setae, hard, bristle-like chitinous structures Most forms have setae, hard, bristle-like chitinous structures Digestive system is complete Digestive system is complete Circulatory system is closed, Circulatory system is closed, Excretory system typically consists of a pair of nephridia per segment Excretory system typically consists of a pair of nephridia per segment

Typical Arrangement of Segments

Class - Polychaeta Feather Duster worms, Clam worms, Christmas Tree worms

General Characteristics Mostly marine and free-living Mostly marine and free-living Many setae, on fleshy lateral outgrowths of the body wall known as parapodia Many setae, on fleshy lateral outgrowths of the body wall known as parapodia Well developed head bearing appendages Well developed head bearing appendages Sexes separate, with a free-swimming trochophore larva Sexes separate, with a free-swimming trochophore larva

Nereis

Parapodium Parapodia

Figure 17.03d

Some Polychaets

Figure 17.co

Figure 17.02a

Figure 17.02b

Figure 17.09

Class Oligochaeta Earthworms and Freshwater Worms

General Characteristics Are terrestrial with a few freshwater species Are terrestrial with a few freshwater species Have few setae Have few setae No parapodia No parapodia No distinct head appendages No distinct head appendages Clitellum present Clitellum present Hermaphrodites, with copulation required Hermaphrodites, with copulation required Eggs are deposited in a cocoon and development is direct Eggs are deposited in a cocoon and development is direct

Figure 17.12a

Earthworm Dissection

Figure 17.12c

Figure 17.14

Figure 17.15

Figure 17.17

Some Oligochaets

Figure 17.18b

Figure 17.18c

Figure 17.18d

Figure 17.17g

Class Hirudinea

General Characteristics Ectoparasites, not all - many feed on organic debris Ectoparasites, not all - many feed on organic debris Usually dorso-ventrally flattened with fixed number of body segments (34) Usually dorso-ventrally flattened with fixed number of body segments (34) No setae or parapodia No setae or parapodia Clitellum present only during reproduction Clitellum present only during reproduction Two suckers – anterior and posterior Two suckers – anterior and posterior

Figure 17.20