Nitrogen Cycle.

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Presentation transcript:

Nitrogen Cycle

Forms of Nitrogen Ammonia: NH3+ Ammonium: NH4 Nitrite: NO2- Nitrate: NO3- Gas: N2 Nitrogen Oxide: NO Dinitrogen oxide: N2O

Each spot on the cycle is a reservoir of nitrogen; a place where it is stored or available in some form Atmosphere Living organisms Soils Oceans

78% of the atmosphere is nitrogen Gaseous nitrogen (N2) is not usable to living things Nitrogen fixation must take place

Nitrogen fixation- processing of nitrogen into forms that are usable by living things 1 of 4 methods Lightning Bacteria Industrial fixation: the Haber-Bosch processes convert N2 into fertilizer Combustion of fossil fuels Bacteria: have an enzyme that breaks down N2 into ammonia

Assimilation Plants absorb nitrogen through roots Bacteria can also take up N Animals get nitrogen from eating plants or other animals N is important for making amino acids and proteins Also important part of DNA and RNA

Ammonification Organisms die and are broken down by decomposers Bacteria convert the nitrates into ammonia

Nitrification Ammonium absorbed by soil and then changed by bacteria to nitrite and nitrate Nitrate can then either be used by plants or go through denitrification

Denitrification Turn nitrates back into nitrogen gas Completes the nitrogen cycle, putting N back into the atmosphere

Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Nitrite and Ammonium converted straight to N2 Occurs mostly in oceans

Humans affect the Nitrogen Cycle N-rich fertilizers put N into water; can be toxic to babies Fertilizers, cattle and feedlots, and industrial sources also release dinitrogen oxide (N2O) into the air; contributes to global warming

Humans and the N-cycle Burning fossil fuels and forests releases Nitrogen oxide; contributes to smog and acid rain Wastewater treatment plants release ammonia, toxic to fish