HKCEE MAP READING SKILLS: Basic Reference Certificate Geography Revision Exercises – Issues & Map-Reading P.49-76

Basic Map Reading Skills: Check List Conventional Signs Grid References Scales Direction Gradient Cross-section & Relief Features

Conventional Signs Reference - WB:49

Conventional Signs Reference - WB:49

Conventional Signs Reference - WB:49

Conventional Signs Reference - WB:49

Conventional Signs Reference - WB:49

Conventional Signs Reference - WB:49

Grid References (WB:51-52) to tell locations on a map two sets of lines vertical – eastings (number values increase eastwards) horizontal – northings (number values increase northwards) grid square  4-figure location  6-figure

Grid References

Grid References (WB:53) 147343 1132

Scale (WB:54-55) to show the number of times that the actual size of the ground has been reduced helps us find out real distance / area from the map

Scale Statement Scale Representative Fraction (R.F.) Linear Scale describes the scale in words e.g. 1 cm to 200m Representative Fraction (R.F.) shows scale in the form of a fraction / ratio e.g. 1:20000 Linear Scale uses a line to show the scale e.g.

Direction Reference – WB:59

Direction Reference – WB:59

Direction Reference – WB:60

Cross Section

Cross Section

Cross Section

Cross Section

Cross Section

Vertical Exaggeration Reference – WB:72

Vertical Exaggeration

Vertical Exaggeration

Relief Features Reference – WB:65-68

Relief Features

Relief Features

Relief Features

Relief Features

Relief Features

gentle slope steep slope concave slope convex slope stepped slope spur valley hill ridge saddle

Gradient

Gradient

Gradient

Gradient

Calculate the Average Gradient of the Stream from A (source) to B (bridge) Gradient: 1 in HD/VD HD: measured actual length of the red line is 7.5cm Map Scale is 1 : 20000 Actual Distance: (7.5 X 200)m = 1500m A B B: 80m VD: 340m – 80m =260m Gradient: 1 in 1500m/260m = 1 in 5.8