+ Organic Chemistry Carbon containing compounds

+ Organic Chemistry Study of carbon containing compounds Organic compounds can be found in foods (proteins, carbohydrates, fats, etc), petroleum based products, medication, plastics, fibers

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+ Penicillin Buckyball Caffeine Buckminsterfullerene

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+ First 10 Straight Chain Alkanes Table 25.1 on page 745

+ Branched Chain Alkanes The halogens and groups of atoms like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus can take the place of a hydrogen in the carbon chain

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+ Drawing Structural Formulas CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 3 CH 3

+ CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 2 (C 2 H 5 )CH 2 CH 3 CH 3

+ Organic Nomenclature Alkanes (C n H 2n+2 ) Compounds containing all C to C single bonds. Homologous Series  MethaneCH 4  EthaneC 2 H 6  PropaneC 3 H 8  ButaneC 4 H 10  PentaneC 5 H 12  HexaneC 6 H 14  HeptaneC 7 H 16  OctaneC 8 H 18  NonaneC 9 H 20  DecaneC 10 H 22

+ Cycloalkane (C n H 2n ) Isomers of alkenes (C n H 2n ) Rings in shape Contain C to C single bonds

+ Rules for naming alkanes 1. Use longest chain. 2. Number C atoms, starting from the end nearest attachment (side chain or substituent). 3. Punctuation is important. a) Name is one word. b) Numbers separated by commas. c) Numbers separated from words with hyphens. d) If branch is an alkane then the suffix –yl is added. e) If more than one of the same branch is present then the Greek prefixes are used (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, etc.). f) If more than one branch is present they are listed in alphabetical order (Greek prefixes are not used for the ordering). g) Halogen branches are the same but w/o –yl suffix (chloro-, bromo-, etc).

Examples CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 = CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 3 = CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 3 CH 3 = CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 2 (C 2 H 5 )CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 = CH 3 (Cl)CH 2 (Br)(Br)CH 2 (CH 3 )CH 2 = Butane 2-methylpropane 2,3-dimethylpentane 3-ethyl-2-methylhexane 2,2-dibromo-1-chloro-3-methylbutane

+ Homework: Set up lab notebook (Aspirin) Complete 1-10 of Organic Packet (on separate sheet of paper) Type-o in #7: Should end in CH 2 not CH 3