Marine planktonic communities from Hawaii Ocean Times Series Station (HOT/ALOHA) Mark Anderson (University of Chicago) Ildiko Frank (UCSC) Yvonne Lipsewers (NIOZ, Netherlands) Sara Cuadros Orellana (CEBio, Brazil) Lise Øvreas (University of Bergen) Judy Wan (NASA)

22º45’, 158º 00’ W Oct 2002 – Dec 2003 Time and location of sampling

Vertical profiles of physico-chemical parameters at the ALOHA Station

Genome NameDepth (m)BasesGC (%)GenesEnzymesEnzymes (%)KEGG (%)COG (%)Pfam (%) 1_Upper_euphotic _Upper_euphotic _Base_of_chrolophyll_max _Below_base_of_euphotic _Below_upper_mesopelagic _Oxygen_minimum_layer _Deep_abyss Metagenome Statistics Bidirectional DNA sequencing of fosmid clones (~ 10,000 sequences per depth) ~ 64 Mbp of DNA sequence total Sequencing methodology

Questions : Differences in the environmental parameters  microbial community composition? Dominant populations? Functional variations ? Abundance profile differences?

Community similarity based on genus count Compare Genome  Genome Clustering  Genus, Hierarchical Clustering / PCA

10 m 130 m 770 m 4,000 m Phylogenetic Distribution Compare Genome  PhyloDist  Metagenomes vs Genomes  Gene Count (60+) Virus

10 m 130 m 770 m 4,000 m Phylogenetic Distribution Compare Genome  PhyloDist  Metagenomes vs Genomes  Gene Count (60+) Cren Eury Nano

10 m 130 m 770 m 4,000 m CyanoProteoActinoBacteroidetes Phylogenetic Distribution Compare Genome  PhyloDist  Metagenomes vs Genomes  Gene Count (60+) VerrucoPlanctomycFirmic Chloroflex

Upper (10 m) Chloro Max. (130 m) Abyss (4,000 m) Phylogenetic Distribution Compare Genome  PhyloDist  Radial Tree  Customize (Phyla) / Bar

Gene of interest Find Genes  Gene Search  “rhodopsin”

Gene of interest Find Genes  Gene Search  “nitrogenase” * ?

Function Profile Find Function  COG Browser  Click "Flagellum structure and biogenesis"  Search All  Add Selected to Function Cart  Compare Genomes  Function Profile  View Function vs. Genomes  Search Name for "type" *

Function Profile Find Function  COG  COG Browser  “Cell Motility”  Search COG Name “Type”  Select all / Add to Function Cart  Compare genomes  Function Profile View Functions vs. Genomes  Filter “Flagellar” * *

Function Profile Find Gene  Gene Search “Transposase”

Conclusion : Differences in the environmental parameters  microbial community composition? Light (rhodopsin) Nutrients (nitrogenase) Dominant populations? Proteobacteria Functional variations? Flagellar proteins – no pattern Transposase – abundant at depth Abundance profile differences? Cyanobacteria