…continued

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kinetic energy temperature Thermal Energy potential energies XN-qU

The particles inside and outside of the house are always moving. - Inside where it’s warmer the particles are moving faster than outside where it is colder.

Temperature Scales Temperature is given in different You can measure temperature in three different scales: Fahrenheit Scale ( o F) Celsius Scale ( o C) Kelvin Scale (K) scales

Fahrenheit ( o F) Named after German Physicist Daniel Fahrenheit Most common in the USA Freezing point is Boiling Point is 180 divisions between boiling and freezing. 32 o F 212 o F

Celsius ( o C) Named after Sweedish Astronomer Anders Celsius Most widely accepted around the world Freezing Point Boiling Point Centigrade scale – 100 divisions between boiling and freezing. 0 o C 100 o C

Kelvin (K) International standard of scientific measurement Freezing point Boiling point The lowest possible temperature for any material is If a material is the particles in that material and would no longer have This is called 273 K 373 K 0 K would not be moving kinetic energy absolute zero Absolute zero – No more thermal energy (heat) can be removed from matter. (-273 o C or 0 K)

Converting Units Celsius to Fahrenheit Formula : Practice Problem: What would 20 o C be in Fahrenheit?

Converting Units Fahrenheit to Celsius Formula : Practice Problem: What would 95 o F be in Celsius?

Converting Units Celsius to Kelvins Formula: Practice problem If it was 10 o C what would it be in Kelvins?

Converting Units Kelvins to Celsius Formula: Practice Problem: If it was 310K what would it be in o C

Measuring Temperature are what we use to Thermometers tell you the of the surrounding the thermometer. How it works: The of the tube gets The particles of the (alcohol) inside and the liquid. The of the alcohol indicates the Thermometersmeasure temperature temperaturematter outside heated liquidspeeds up spreads out height temperature

Thermal Expansion Expansion, or increase in size of a substance caused by heat. This occurs in all phases of matter when their temperature rises. Knowing how molecules are arranged in a solid, liquid and gas, how do you think thermal expansion will occur in each?

Thermal Expansion Solid – Liquid – Gas - Expand the least Expands more than solid but less than gas Expands the most

Thermal Contraction A decrease in the size of a substance caused by decreasing temperature. What happens if you take a balloon outside on a cold day? Why (what happens to the particles)? The balloon would decrease in size because the particles slow lose thermal energy (which includes kinetic energy) and come closer together.

Using Thermal Energy Remember: Energy cannot be Many devices energy from one form to another or it from one place to another, but the amount of energy. created or destroyed transform transfer does not change

Heating Appliance A device that converts electric energy into thermal energy. Examples: Most appliances get warm when plugged in because A device that regulates the temperature of a system. Applies the properties of Thermostats Curling iron, toaster, clothes iron thermal expansion Some electric energy is always converted into thermal energy in an electronic device.