Chapters 9-11 Journal Entry #11 If you had to write an opera, what do you think would be the subject and overall plot?

THE BAROQUE SONATA Sonata – piece with several movements for 1-8 instruments Sonata – piece with several movements for 1-8 instruments Trio sonata – 3 melodic lines (2 high and 1 basso continuo) Trio sonata – 3 melodic lines (2 high and 1 basso continuo) 2 high instruments (violins, flutes, oboes) 2 high instruments (violins, flutes, oboes) 2 basso continuo (keyboard instrument and low instrument) 2 basso continuo (keyboard instrument and low instrument)

Originated in Italy, spread during 1600’s Originated in Italy, spread during 1600’s Palaces, homes, churches Palaces, homes, churches Sonata da chiesa (church sonata) Sonata da chiesa (church sonata) Sonata da camera (chamber sonata) Sonata da camera (chamber sonata)

CH. 10: ARCANGELO CORELLI Italian violinist/composer of string music around 1700 Italian violinist/composer of string music around 1700 Adult life in Rome Adult life in Rome Friend and music director to Cardinal Ottoboni Friend and music director to Cardinal Ottoboni Teacher: instructed best musicians of his time, laid the foundations of modern violin technique Teacher: instructed best musicians of his time, laid the foundations of modern violin technique

Wrote only instrumental music Wrote only instrumental music 60 sonatas 60 sonatas 12 concertos 12 concertos All for strings All for strings

LISTENING FOR SONATA Trio Sonata in A Minor, Op. 3, No. 10 Trio Sonata in A Minor, Op. 3, No. 10 Arcangelo Corelli Arcangelo Corelli 2 violins & piano 2 violins & piano 4 short movements 4 short movements 1. Fast 2. Fast 3. Slow 4. Fast All in same minor key, differ in mood and tempo

CH. 11: ANTONIO VIVALDI Italian, late Baroque Italian, late Baroque Born in Venice Born in Venice Father: violinist at St. Father: violinist at St.Mark’s 25: took holy orders, 25: took holy orders, however, poor health caused him to leave the ministry after a year Religious background + red hair = nickname “the Red Priest” Religious background + red hair = nickname “the Red Priest”

Violin teacher, virtuoso, composer, conductor at music school of the Pieta – institution for orphaned or illegitimate girls in Venice Violin teacher, virtuoso, composer, conductor at music school of the Pieta – institution for orphaned or illegitimate girls in Venice Very popular until just before his death, died in poverty Very popular until just before his death, died in poverty Almost forgotten for nearly 200 years Almost forgotten for nearly 200 years Baroque revival around 1950 re- established reputation Baroque revival around 1950 re- established reputation

Operas, church music, best known for 450 concerti grossi and solo concertos Operas, church music, best known for 450 concerti grossi and solo concertos Solo concerto – piece for single soloist and orchestra Solo concerto – piece for single soloist and orchestra So, what’s the difference between a concerto grosso and a solo concerto? So, what’s the difference between a concerto grosso and a solo concerto?

LISTENING TO VIVALDI La Primavera (Spring), Concerto for Violin and String Orcheatra, from The Four Seasons (1725) La Primavera (Spring), Concerto for Violin and String Orcheatra, from The Four Seasons (1725) Vivaldi’s most popular work Vivaldi’s most popular work Set of 4 solo concertos Set of 4 solo concertos Baroque program music – music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene Baroque program music – music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene Text painting: Text painting: Spring: bird chirps Spring: bird chirps Summer: gentle breeze Summer: gentle breeze 3 Mvmts: Fast – slow – fast, 1 st and last in ritornello form 3 Mvmts: Fast – slow – fast, 1 st and last in ritornello form

Homework For tomorrow summarize one of the two composers Corelli (chp 10) or Vivaldi (chp 11). For tomorrow summarize one of the two composers Corelli (chp 10) or Vivaldi (chp 11). Where were they from: dates and places?(2) Where were they from: dates and places?(2) What were they known for in regards to music (What made their music unique)?(4) What were they known for in regards to music (What made their music unique)?(4) Distinguishing characteristics about them as a person(4) Distinguishing characteristics about them as a person(4) Summarize and describe one piece of music associated with each composer. (4) Summarize and describe one piece of music associated with each composer. (4) Worth 14 points total, can be hand-written on notebook paper (legible).