Rome: Architecture, Engineering and Art CHW3M
Architecture in the Republic Temples Blend of Etruscan engineering with Greek influence Emphasis on façade
Temple of Fortuna Virilis
Concrete Instead of just carving stone Allows whole new architectural design Buildings can be bigger, heavier
Sanctuary of Fortuna Palestrina
Roman Forum
Arches and Vaults Colosseum Circus Maximus Amphitheatres Baths
Types of Vault Barrel Vault Groin Vault Multi-Groin Vault
Barrel Vault AKA Tunnel Vault Windows can be placed anywhere Require buttressing Counteracts downward pressure
Groin Vault AKA Cross Vault Needs less buttressing
Multi-Groin Vault Series of Groin Vaults Common in Churches Facilitates windows to allow light into churches Use of concrete for windows = fireproof
Domes Allow for large open spaces Dome allows for ceiling to span large area without support Ex: Pantheon Also common in early Christian churches
Other engineering Paved roads Aqueducts Viaducts Plumbing
Art Sculpture Greek influence but usually more realistic Base Relief Mosaic Fresco
Modern examples?
Washington DC Jefferson Memorial Lincoln Memorial Capitol Building US Supreme Court building