TEN TIMELY TIPS TO TIE O & M AND GPS TOGETHER… AER INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS Craig Phillips Mike May August 2014

Berthold Lowenfeld Blindness imposes the following limitations:  In the range and variety of experiences  In the ability to get about  In the control of the environment and the self in relation to it. (1948) Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

1. Know the Law Educating Blind and Visually Impaired Students Federal Register: June 8, Assistance to States for the Education of Children With Disabilities and Preschool Grants for Children With Disabilities Federal Register: August 14, Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

2. Prepare for GPS Positional concepts Compass orientation Landmarks Visual Maps Tactile maps ‾ Wheatley ‾ Tactile Town ‾ Swell paper ‾ Collage ‾ Braillon Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

3. Consider Your Student Interest/curiosity Perceived utility Maturity > Age Cognitive ability Dexterity Route concept Stamina Techiness is useful, but not essential. Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

“The difficulty or simplicity of learning how to use a system must work for the student first and the teacher second.” Mike May Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

GPS DEVICES August 2014 Craig L. Phillips and Mike May 7

Rely on Data, Not Opinion Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

4. Think of the Four Stages of Learning Unconsciously Incompetent Consciously Incompetent Consciously Competent Unconsciously Competent Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

5. Begin at the Beginning… Start with the component parts Assemble/Disassemble Orient to the device Follow with the key describer mode Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Start with the familiar and expand outward Walk, listen, and reference What is the information… Where is it provided… How is it given Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

6. Define Mapping STREET OPEN AREA Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

7. Use Landmarks and Waypoints Effectively Know where you are ‾ Street? ‾ Open Area? Reset GPS position when setting landmarks. Multiple landmarks can be set at the same time/same spot. Always set a landmark at the beginning of a route. Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Pair with physical reference points Label noun first, then adjective ‾ “Smith High School, East Door…” Rehearse before recording Practice renaming, deleting, and unsetting as a destination. Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Understand silliness Fill in the gaps to develop the gestalt of the area. Set before and after hazards, headaches, and irritations. Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

8. Understand Points of Interest (POI) Parameters Point of Interest Preset on Maps TeleAtlas NAVTEQ Use POI rich environments to begin instruction Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Craig L. Phillips and Mike May Where is the “spot?” August

Reinforce the Concept of the Virtual Open Doorway Incidental information results in incidental learning and control Part to whole scheme Nurture environmental literacy Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

9. Discuss Routing Modes Pedestrian Mode ‾ Distance parameters Motorized Mode ‾ Time parameters Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

And Routing Reliability Self-created and Back-tracked routes Landmarks POIs Address Entry Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

10.Teaching Considerations Always warm up the device. Reset… Understand Routing Hiccups No GPS coverage Turn back Off route Silence Movement versus static position Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Everything is relative. GPS usage demands proficient fundamental O & M skills for the final +/- 50 feet. Context clues/concepts must be practiced. Organizational parameters Time and distance Solicitation of aid Don’t tell…question. Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Preview routes for “blackholes.” Take a cheat sheet on lessons and use it. Use multiple SD cards. Practice using the settings menu. Earplugs and headphones are not recommended when traveling. Assume nothing and be open to learning. GPS limits/parameters Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Craig L. Phillips and Mike May Showing is far better than telling… August

Let your student show you and others. In-service classmates, teachers, and parents. Encourage borrowing. Get lost on lessons. Teach and practice motorized guidance Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Dual lesson with Trekker Breeze and Garmin Oregon 450 Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Curricular Integration Conceptual Development Literacy Physical Education Geography Mathematics Social Competency Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Cooperative Learning Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Craig L. Phillips and Mike May My weekly lunch, community awareness, social interaction, environmental access, GPS lesson… Audrey August

The Continuum “Outer space.” LE Age 5 “Mommy, we need to turn here” GT Age 7 “Directing a cab driver to my destination gave me control.” DW Adult Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

FYI… FYI… “I feel like I'm "cheating" somehow, when I don't have to keep track of what street is what, where it's located, what direction I'm heading, etc... it frees my mind up to concentrate on other aspects of orientation...and then, listening to the GPS as I'm riding in a car, realizing the breadth of this world that is outside my car window I have heretofore never gotten to interact with…amazing, simply amazing.” KM Adult Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Theory of Relativity “You are only as INDEPENDENT as your relatives ALLOW you to be.” Paul Ehresman Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

Craig L. Phillips MS Ed. COMS Kansas State School for the Blind 1100 State Avenue Kansas City, KS X335 Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August

MIKE MAY The Sendero Group August 2014 Craig L. Phillips and Mike May 35

Sources Phillips, C. L. (2011). Getting From Here to There and Knowing Where: Teaching GPS to Children who are Visually Impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 105, Leader Dogs for the Blind Trekker GPS Training Craig L. Phillips and Mike May August