Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 15 Topic: 11.1 Meninges Essential Question: 1. NO EQ 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 11.1 Meninges BRING BOOKS TOMORROW!!!!!

Pg. 14 Meningitis Subdural Hematoma

The Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain – –lies in the cranial cavity –Includes 100 billion multipolar neurons Brain stem- –connects brain and spinal cord –allows a 2-way communication between brain/spinal cord Spinal cord- –lies in the vertebral canal within the vertebral column –provides a 2-way communication between the CNS and PNS

4 Meninges Membranes surrounding CNS Protect the brain and spinal cord Found between the bone and soft tissue of the n.s. There are three layers:

5 1.Dura mater – Outermost layer, tough connective tissue Attaches to the inside of the cranial cavity Forms the internal covering of the skull bones Continues into the vertebral canal as a strong tubular covering that surrounds the spinal cord Contains many blood vessels and nerves Supports and protects the lobes of the brain and spinal cord

6 2. Arachnoid mater – Thin, weblike, Middle layer Lacks blood vessels Spreads over the brain and spinal cord Subarachnoid space lies between arachnoid and pia mater which contains the clear watery cerebrospinal fluid or CSF

7 3. pia mater – Innermost layer, very thin many nerves and blood vessels nourish the underlying cells of the brain and spinal cord

Figure 11.01a

9 Meninges of the Spinal Cord Subarachnoid space

10 Meningitis: is an inflammation of the meninges Caused by Bacteria or viruses that invade the cerebrospinal fluid Commonly limited to the arachnoid and pia maters Most often in infants and children Complications: loss of vision, loss of hearing, paralysis and mental retardation. May be FATAL Disorders Associated with the Meninges:

11 Subdural hematoma: when a blow to the head ruptures blood vessels associated with the brain Escaping blood collects between the dura mater and arachnoid mater Increases pressure between the bones of the skull and the soft tissues of the brain Will lead to functional losses or even DEATH if not drained

12 Bottom pg. 14 Title the page “Video Notes” 1. Brain Injury 2. Patrick’s Meningitis 3. Hand Surgery after Meningitis 5 bullets each