Review Unit – A Global View: Early Civilizations Toward Civilization : (Prehistory – 3000B.C.)

Toward Civilization I.Old Stone Age/Paleolithic Period A.From time of first stone toolmakers to about 10,000 B.C. B.N omadic way of life 1.H unting and gathering bands of 20 to 30 people 2.Made simple tools and weapons 3.Developed spoken language 4.Clothing made from animal skins 5.Learned to build fires II.The Growth of Farming A.About 10,000 years ago; beginning of New Stone Age/Neolithic Period B.Evolved from nomadic to settled farming life 1.Established permanent villages 2.Tamed animals

Toward Civilization (cont.) 3.Growing population 4.Roles of women and men changed. III.Beginnings of Civilization A.Seven basic features: central governments, complex religions, job specialization, social classes, arts, public works, writing B.Food surpluses led to growth of populations and cities. C.Organized governments 1.City governments developed from need for cooperation in controlling flooding and channeling water. 2.Government bureaucracies grew. D.Social classes 1.People ranked according to their jobs

Toward Civilization (cont.) 2.Writing developed by priests. E.The first empires 1.Rulers conquered territories beyond their cities 2.Emergence of empires ruled by one person