Composition of Migrant Flows (to USA) Initially migrant flows came from northern Europe but increasingly after 1890 they came from southern (Italy, Spain,

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Composition of Migrant Flows (to USA) Initially migrant flows came from northern Europe but increasingly after 1890 they came from southern (Italy, Spain, Portugal) and eastern Europe (Austria-Hungary and Poland).

Explanations for this migration Arguments proposed by historians have included: ‘History matters’ – past migrants encourage others (friends and families) to migrate Specific events such as famines (eg Great Famine in Ireland, ) and pogroms (eg Russia, ) Wage gaps between ‘home’ and ‘abroad’ Impact of industrialization Impact of the demographic transition

Relevance of the Demographic Transition Model