AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e TOTAL North America Eastern Europe & Central Asia Latin America South and South-East Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Oceania Western & Central Europe Caribbean East Asia Middle East & North Africa [ – ] [ – ] [ – ] [ – ] 2.1 million [1.8 – 2.4 million] [ – ] 2.9 million [2.5 – 3.5 million] 0.8% [0.6% – 1.1%] 0.9% [0.6% – 1.4%] 0.5% [0.4% – 1.2%] 0.6% [0.4% – 1.0%] 5.9% [5.2% – 6.7%] 1.0% [0.9% - 1.2%] 4.3 million [3.6 – 6.6 million] [ – ] [ – ] [ – 2.3 million] 2.8 million [2.4 – 3.2 million] 4000 [2300 – 6600] [ <15 000] [ – ] [ – ] [ – ] 0.4% [0.2% – 0.9%] 0.3% [0.2% – 0.4%] 1.2% [0.9% – 1.7%] 0.1% [<0.2%] 0.2% [0.1% – 0.3%] 7100 [ 3400 – ] [ – ] [ – ] [ – ] [ – ] Adult & child deaths due to AIDS Adult (15 ‒ 49) prevalence [%] Adults & children newly infected with HIV Adults & children living with HIV 24.7 million [21.8 – 27.7 million] 39.5 million [34.1 – 47.1 million] 1.4 million [ – 2.2 million] 1.7 million [1.2 – 2.6 million] 1.7 million [1.3 – 2.5 million] 7.8 million [5.2 – 12.0 million] [ – ] [ – ] [ – ] [ – 1.2 million] [ – ] Regional HIV and AIDS statistics and features, 2006 Table 1b

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Sub-Saharan Africa Caribbean GLOBAL Latin America Asia E Europe and C Asia Percent Female (%) Percent of adults (15+) living with HIV who are female, 1990 ‒ 2006 Figure 1 Sources: UNAIDS/WHO, 2006.

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Proportions of HIV infections in different population groups by region, 2005 IDU: Injecting Drug Users MSM: Men having sex with men CSW: Commercial Sex Workers Latin America MSM 26% IDU 19% CSW 4% All others 38% South and South-East Asia* CSW clients 13% Eastern Europe and Central Asia MSM 4% IDU 67% CSW 5% All others 17% CSW clients 7% * India was omitted from this analysis because the scale of its HIV epidemic (which is largely heterosexual) masks the extent to which other at-risk populations feature in the region’s epidemics. MSM 5% IDU 22% CSW 8% All others 24% CSW clients 41% Figure 2

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Trends among year old people in high prevalence countries: HIV prevalence among pregnant women (2000 ‒ 2005) in sentinel surveillance systems *Consistent sites  ≥ 25%Statistically significant decrease of more than 25%  NSDecrease over time but not statistically significant ↔No evidence of decrease IDInsufficient data ND Data not received #Semi-urban and urban areas were combined in analysis of urban data §Analyses based on data in South Africa surveillance report ¶Analyses based on data reported in Zambia 2005 surveillance report (urban and rural data combined) ‡Analysis in Mozambique performed for South, North and Central Country Prevalence trend* Angola Urban ID Rural ID Bahamas Botswana Burundi # Central African Republic Congo Cameroon Chad Côte d’Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Djibouti Gabon Haïti  NS ID  ≥ 25% ND  NS ND ID ND  ≥ 25% ID ND ↔ ID ND Kenya  ≥ 25% Country Prevalence trend* UrbanRural LesothoID Malawi # Mozambique ‡ Namibia Rwanda Swaziland Nigeria South Africa § Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia ¶ Zimbabwe ↔ ID ↔  ≥ 25% ID  NS ND ↔  ≥ 25% ND ↔ ID ↔ ND  NS ND Legend Note Highlighted cells indicate positive trends in prevalence Table 3a

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e HIV prevalence by age group among antenatal clinic attendees in South Africa, 2000 ‒ Age range Source: Department of Health (2006, National HIV and Syphilis Prevalence Survey South Africa; 2003, National HIV and Syphilis Antenatal Sero-Prevalence Survey in South Africa) <20 20 ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ (%) HIV Prevalence Figure 3

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Estimated number of annual new infections and AIDS-related deaths among adults (15+) in relation to the stabilizing trend of estimated prevalence rate among adults (15 ‒ 49), Lesotho, 1990 ‒ Number of new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths (thousand) % HIV prevalence New infectionsAIDS deathsHIV prevalence Sources: Government of Lesotho/UNAIDS, Figure 4

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Source: NACO. Sentinel Surveillance data, ANC sites (2005). HIV prevalence in India ‒ by district, 2005 No data available Number of people tested < 300 < ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ 3.0 > 3.0 HIV prevalence (%) among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics Figure 6

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Condom use of direct and indirect female sex workers with commercial partners and with sweethearts, Cambodia, 1997 ‒ 2003 Direct female sex workers’ clients Indirect female sex workers’ sweethearts Direct female sex workers’ sweethearts Indirect female sex workers’ clients % Source: National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs, Figure 7

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among men who have sex with men,* by recruitment venue and age group — Bangkok, Thailand, 2003 and 2005 Source: van Griensven F., MMWR, *Refers to men who have sex with men but who were not enrolled at venues where male sex workers or transgendered persons congregate. EntertainmentSaunaPark ≥29Overall VenueAge group (yrs) % HIV prevalence Figure 8

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Number of newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection by transmission group by year of report for fourteen Eastern European countries*, Number of HIV cases (thousand) Homosexual/bisexual Unknown Heterosexual Injecting drug use *Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan Source: EuroHIV, Figure 9

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e HIV prevalence among injecting drug users, sex workers and men who have sex with men in Central Asia, selected studies, 2005 Source: [XVI International AIDS Conference abstract] ‒ CDC Central Asia offices (Almaty & Tashkent), National and City HIV/AIDS centers * Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan 15.0% Kazakhstan 2.0% Kyrgyzstan Sex workers 10.4% Kazakhstan 52.5% Uzbekistan Injecting drug users Sex workers who were not injecting drug users Sex workers who were injecting drug users 44.0% 2.0% Men who have sex with men 0.3% 4 Central Asian republics* combined % HIV prevalence Figure 11

AIDS Epidemic Update December /06 e Percentage of persons surviving through June 2005, by years after acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosis cohorts during 1981–2003 and by year of diagnosis — United States Source: CDC. Twenty-Five Years of HIV/AIDS — United States, 1981–2006. MMWR ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ Years after AIDS diagnosis % Figure 12