Vocabulary Review Goal 2- Cell and Cellular Transport

Cells without a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles Prokaryote

Green plant pigment Chlorophyll

Control what goes in and out of the cell ; “gatekeeper” Plasma Membrane

Found in plants; supports and protects the plant. Cell Wall

Membrane bound structures in the cell- “little organs” Organelles

Control center of a cell. Nucleus

Cells that have a true nucleus and has membrane bound organelles. Eukaryotes

All organisms are composed of cells. Cell is the basic structure and function of all living things. All cells come from other cells. Cell Theory

Basic unit of life. Cell

Site of photosynthesis, where plants make their own food. Chloroplasts

Folded membrane that serves as site of cellular reactions, “transport center” Endoplasmic Reticulum

Long whip-like projections used for movement. Flagella

Short hair like projections for movement. Cilia

Found in the nucleus, and is the site where ribosomes are made. Nucleolus

Site for protein synthesis- “protein factory” Ribosomes

“Storehouse” of the cell, large in plants Vacuole

“Protein package station of the cell” Golgi Apparatus

Site of cellular respiration. “Powerhouse of the Cell” Mitochondria

Contain digestive enzymes, “suicide sacs” Lysosomes

The act of allowing only certain substances in the cell; window screen Selective Permeability

Molecules moving from a high to a low concentration. Diffusion

Movement of water thru a selectively permeable membrane from high to low concentration. Osmosis

Term that describes a solution where water moves from the cell. “Cell Shrinks” Hypertonic

The organelle of photosynthesis. Chloroplast

Term that describes a solution where water moves into the cell. “Cell Swells” Hypotonic

Movement of water is the same inside and out of the cell Isotonic

Organelle found in animal cells involved in cell division Centriole

Type of transport that does not require energy. Passive Transport

Type of transport that require energy in the form of ATP. Active Transport

Moving substances into the cell. Endocytosis

Moving substances out of the cell. Exocytosis

Coined the term cell. Robert Hooke

Invented the first microscope. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

The site of lipid synthesis in the cell. Smooth ER

Two organelles within eukaryotic cells that have their own DNA. Mitochondria and the Chloroplast

Clear gel-like material that is a medium for all cell organelles. Cytoplasm

The model of the plasma membrane. Fluid Mosaic Model

Example of a prokaryotic cell. Bacteria Cell

Maintaining a constant internal environment. Homeostasis

Type of endocytosis that allows the cell to engulf large particles. Phagocytosis

Type of endocytosis that allows a cell to take in liquid molecules. Pinocytosis

A process in which glucose molecule is broken down and ATP is released. Cellular Respiration

The Energy Molecule in the body. ATP

Process in which ATP is made using oxygen. Aerobic Respiration

Process in which ATP is made in the absence of oxygen? Anaerobic Respiration

How many ATP is made per molecule of glucose in anaerobic respiration? Two

The respiration that takes place in animal cells when oxygen is absent resulting in sore muscles. Lactic Acid Fermentation

The anaerobic respiration that takes place in bacteria and yeast cells making two ATP per molecule of glucose. Alcoholic Fermentation

The number of ATP made per molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration? 36

The Organ of Photosynthesis? Leaf

What are the reactants of Cellular Respiration? Glucose and Oxygen

What are the reactants of Photosynthesis? Water and Carbon Dioxide

What are the waste products of Photosynthesis? Glucose and Oxygen

What are the waste products of Cellular Respiration? CO 2, Water and ATP

Organism that is able to make its own food. Autotroph

Organism that has to ingest food; not able to make its own food. Heterotroph

Alcoholic Fermentation produces what? Ethyl Alcohol and CO 2

DNA is located in this organelle in eukaryotic cells. Nucleus