1.Most are many celled 2.Don’t move about 3.Heterotrophic – Nature’s Recyclers, decomposers 4.Eukaryotes- have a nucleus 5.Grow best in warm, humid areas

1.Why do organisms eat/make food? Create energy in the form of ATP 2.Where does this occur? mitochondria 3. What process in our cells allows energy to be created? Cellular Respiration C 6 H 12 O O 2 6 CO H 2 O + Energy glucose ATP Let’s Prove it!!! Bromthymol Blue[base] turns green [neutral] then yellow[acid] proving C0 2 is present 4.What happens to energy produced in cell respiration? * used to maintain constant body temperature, some lost as heat * repair, replace cells, or growth

Why???  A process called fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of the cells  Producing energy in LOW amounts when O 2 levels are low. *Yeast [dehydrated, but not dead] is a Fungus that allows fermentation to occur Yeast naturally found in soil or on plants (see article) 5. Can energy(ATP) be produced when oxygen(O 2 ) levels are low? Hint: What happens when you run long distances or run for a long period of time? How do you feel? Yes, but O 2 being used faster than produced- body also making lactic acid – causing muscles to ache, burn, feel sore Glucose + LOW O 2 CO 2 + lactic acid + LOW ATP energy

Cellular Respiration occurs in ALL cells and can take place either with or without oxygen present.

Fermentation: occurs when no or low oxygen is available to the cell (2 kinds: Alcoholic and Lactic Acid) Also called anerobic respiration Much less ATP produced than in aerobic respiration

Yeast + Sugar + warm, moist environment =CO2 + alcohol + energy Make a prediction, will the following substances promote fermentation? 1.Maple syrup 2.Mouthwash 3.Vinegar 4.Honey 5.Bleach 6.Ketchup 7.Salt Can we prove this????

Sugar Low amounts of oxygen Yeast Warm moist environment Carbon Dioxide Alcohol Energy

Alcoholic fermentation—occurs in bacteria and yeast Process used in the baking and brewing industry—yeast produces CO 2 gas during fermentation to make dough rise and give bread its holes glucose ethyl alcohol + carbon dioxide + 2 ATP

Lactic acid fermentation—occurs in muscle cells Lactic acid is produced in the muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen to the tissues—causes burning sensation in muscles glucose lactic acid + carbon dioxide + 2 ATP