Appetizer: 1. What country does this person represent? 2. What kind of tool is he using? 3. What is he digging up?

Journalists who exposed corruption and other problems of the late 1800’s and early 1900’s

Thomas Nast – Problem Exposed Exposed Boss Tweed’s corruption in NYC politicsExposed Boss Tweed’s corruption in NYC politics “Bosses” were powerful politicians who controlled all work done in the city & demanded payoffs.“Bosses” were powerful politicians who controlled all work done in the city & demanded payoffs.

Problem Exposed During 1860s & 1870s Boss Tweed’s political organization, Tammany Hall, cheated NY out of $100 million!During 1860s & 1870s Boss Tweed’s political organization, Tammany Hall, cheated NY out of $100 million! False BillActual Amount Difference Courthouse13,416,9323,000,000 Lumber account460,00048,000 Printing Stationary and Advertising 7,168,2121,300,000 Total24,911,6444,820,500

Thomas Nast – Exposes Problems Used political cartoons. Nast felt that even if people could not read, that most would understand the drawings.

During the 1860s and 1870s, Tweed and his Tammany Hall organization cheated New York out of more than $100 million. That would be worth approximately $1,849,792, today!!

Who Stole the People’s Money? ‘Twas Him

Reforms Made “Good Government Leagues” –Replace corrupt officials w/ honest leaders

Exposed Rockefeller and Standard Oil TrustExposed Rockefeller and Standard Oil Trust Wrote a series of magazine articles, The History of the Standard Oil CompanyWrote a series of magazine articles, The History of the Standard Oil Company Credited with helping to breakup Standard Oil trust and helping to eliminate pools and rebates.Credited with helping to breakup Standard Oil trust and helping to eliminate pools and rebates. Ida Tarbell

On a side note.. Her father was an oil producer whose business failed due to his inability to compete with John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil "They had never played fair, and that ruined their greatness for me," she wrote about the company

Exposed the poverty in citiesExposed the poverty in cities Photographer and writer. He wrote a book, “How the Other Half Lives.”Photographer and writer. He wrote a book, “How the Other Half Lives.” His book led to zoning laws, building codes, fire protection, compulsory education lawsHis book led to zoning laws, building codes, fire protection, compulsory education laws Jacob Riis

Home of an Italian Rag picker

Upton Sinclair EXPOSED THE DANGERS OF THE MEAT PACKING INDUSTRY. Wrote a graphic, stomach turning novel called, “The Jungle.” HE ALSO EXPOSED THE ABUSIVE TREATMENT OF IMMIGRANT WORKERS THERE.

Quote from The Jungle “These rats were nuisances, and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them: they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together. “

Sinclair’s book led the government to pass the Meat Inspection Act, and the Pure Food and Drug Act!