The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political Breakdown (1300-1527) The Late Middle Ages was an era marked by major social, religious, and health crises.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Catholic Church endured a prolonged period of crisis that lasted from 1305 until 1416; some would extend the date even later. During these years, the.
Advertisements

Ecclesiastical Breakdown
The Hundred Years’ War & The Plague
The Hundreds’ Year War and the Plague Teamwork?. A Church Divided Pope and King CollidePope and King Collide –Kings must obey Popes (Boniface stated)
The Hundred Years’ War and the Plague
Mr. Morris World History.  Avignon  Great Schism  John Wycliffe  Jan Hus  Bubonic plague  Hundred Years’ War  Joan of Arc.
Objectives Understand how the Black Death caused social and economic decline. Describe the problems facing the Church in the late Middle Ages and how.
The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political Breakdown (1300–1453) The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political Breakdown (1300–1453) Copyright © 2010 Pearson.
9. What are the features of the Late Middle Ages? crises/renewal a. starvation-for lack of farming land to meet the growing population, as forests/marshland.
Western Civ. Unit 5 PP 4 The 100 Years War ( ) & The Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy.
The Babylonian Captivity, the Great Schism, and the Hundred Years’ War
Western Civilizations Unit 7 PP 3
The Avignon Papacy. What is going on? During the 13 th -14 th centuries everything seemed to go wrong Christendom is disintegrated – Nations are fighting.
Life in the Late Middle Ages. Height of Medieval Civilization  By the beginning of the 14 th century, European society had reached stability and prosperity.
Ch.9: Late Middle Ages Social and Political Background
The Great Schism AP Euro 2.1.
Black Death, 1348–1350 precursor: overpopulation & malnutrition agricultural improvements increase food supply; European population doubles, 1000–1300,
PROBLEMS IN THE CHURCH HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR BLACK DEATH
Crises of the 14 th & 15 th Centuries. Crises of the 14 th and 15 th Centuries Hundred Years’ War ( ) Hundred Years’ War ( ) Babylonian.
The Breakdown and Revival of the Medieval Church
The Rise of Nations More importantly– the rise of NATIONALISM.
World History Chapter 14D
The Late Middle Ages: ( )
Objectives Identify how the Hundred Years’ War affected England and France. Identify how the Hundred Years’ War affected England and France. Analyze how.
A Time of Crisis 8.5.
The Early Middle Ages. The beginning of the Early Middle Ages Decline of trade, town-life, learning Law and order fell with governments Christian/Catholic.
Crises of the High Middle Ages Challenge to Religious Authority The Black Death The Hundred Years War The Great Schism Peasant Revolts.
Intro and Chapter 9. Conquered England William of Normandy (the Conqueror.
Homework R-2 due tomorrow Current events article due Friday.
Medieval Europe Prelude to the Modern Era. Ancient World 5000 B.C. – 500 A. D. Medieval World 500 A.D. – 1500 A. D. Modern World 1500 A.D. – Present.
CHRISTIAN HISTORY MADE EASY Chapter Seven “Everything Falls Apart”
Crisis in the Catholic Church. Background Western and central European society was dominated by the Catholic Church since the fall of the Roman Empire.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The Black Death and the Hundred Years’ War.
 Since the 5 th c, the popes of the Catholic Church had been supreme over the affairs of the Church.
Medieval Europe Hundred Years’ War and the Plague.
Culture of the High Middle Ages & The Late Middle Ages 3.02: Describe events in Western Europe from the fall of Rome to the emergence of nation-states.
The Ecclesiastical Breakdown. 13th Century Papacy Innocent IIIInnocent III –Plentitude of Power – authority to declare saints, disposed benefices, centralize.
Life in the Late Middle Ages. The Black Death  Black Death (1347):  loss of 1/3 of European population (mostly in cities)  Causes: bubonic plague carried.
Late Medieval Europe (ca )
Chapter 11 The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century.
The High Middle Ages 1300 – Main Themes u Europe began to reorganize politically, socially, culturally after 1000 CE l Trade & Towns grow & thrive.
CHALLENGES OF THE LATE MIDDLE AGES Chapter 14.4.
Unit 1 Review Ch 9 Medieval Era Ch 10 Renaissance Ch 11 Reformation.
The Late Middle Ages ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: How did the Church influence political and social changes in Medieval Europe? How did both innovations and disruptive.
England and France How they developed and came to loath each other.
Section 4: The Late Middle Ages. The Black Death (bubonic plague)
The Black Death and the Hundred Years’ War
I. DISASTER IN EUROPE Ch 6 Section 4 The Black Death
The Struggles of the Catholic Church
14.4 – 100 Years’ War & the Plague
Ch.9: Late Middle Ages Social and Political Background
High and Late Middle Ages
Ch.9: Late Middle Ages Social and Political Background
The Babylonian Captivity, the Great Schism, and the Hundred Years’ War
Great Schism.
Effects of trade activator
The Late Middle Ages
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
14.4 – 100 Years’ War & the Plague
14.4 – 100 Years’ War & the Plague
Late Medieval Europe (ca )
Medieval Christian Europe (330–1450)
GODWIN-Medieval Turmoil 3 strikes…
Late Medieval Europe (ca )
Late Medieval Europe (ca )
Crises in the Late Medieval Church
The Black Death, 100 Years’ War, Church Breakdown, and Medieval Russia
High Middle Ages Unit 1.
The Late Middle Ages ( ).
A.P. European History The Late Middle Ages
Presentation transcript:

The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political Breakdown ( ) The Late Middle Ages was an era marked by major social, religious, and health crises. War, plague, social unrest, and religious schism characterized this era.

The Hundred Years’ War and the Rise of the Nationalist Sentiment During the late Middle Ages, tremendous violence and political unrest led to the breakdown of European governments. Toward the end of the period, monarchs in England and France began to reassert their power. The Hundred Years’ War was the result of their struggle for control.

The Hundred Years’ War ( ) The Hundred years’ War began when the English king Edward III claimed his right to the French throne after the death of Charles IV. The territorial proximity of England and France and their quarrel over rights to Flanders exacerbated the dispute. Edward III

Success and Weakness in the War English success in the war was due to its military superiority and its use of weaponry like the longbow. French weakness was due to territorial infighting and a lack of leadership.

Fighting consisted primarily of sieges and raids. The battles of Crécy (1346), and Poitiers (1356), and Angicourt (1415) were significant victories for the British. The Peace of Brétigny (1360) recognized English holdings in France, in exchange for Edward III renouncing his claim to the French throne. Sieges and Battles

Joan of Arc ( ) A peasant from Domrémy who claimed she heard the voices of God, led the French victory in the Battle of Orleans. Joan served as an inspiration for the French, who eventually defeated the English and won the war. Joan was later burned at the stake at Rouen as a heretic for refusing to recant her beliefs.

The Black Death Also known as The Bubonic Plague, came about as a result of decades of overpopulation, economic depression, famine, and bad health and hygiene in some European regions.

Although there were terrible famines and the Black Death deteriorated the population, wiping out whole villages and townships, this age left so few able-bodied people that they were unable to tend the fields and to plant the next year’s grain. In some cities people certainly starved through ignorance and prejudice. There were many natural foods, plants and fruits, which were rejected and avoided due to lack of knowledge and understanding.

The Black death was named for the discoloration of the body. It is believed to have been introduced by seaborne rats from the Black Sea area. By the early fifteenth century, western Europe had lost as much as 40% of its population to the plague. The “Black” Death

Lack of sophisticated medicine led to superstitions about the reasons for the plague, including poisonous fumes released during earthquakes and a corruption in the atmosphere. Jews were sought as scapegoats for the plague and were persecuted. Who’s to blame?

Popular remedies against the plague included the use of leeches. Flagellants believed that beating themselves until they bled would bring about divine intervention. Remedies and Self-Inflicted Pain

Farm laborers decreased in numbers, but the number of skilled artisans increased dramatically Peasants rebelled against efforts by governments to limit their wages Opposition to such legislation spurred the English peasants’ revolt of 1381 Cities and skilled industries prospered from the effects of the plague, which created a need for more expensive goods. The economic power of trade guilds and artisans grew. Economic Effects

Ecclesiastical Breakdown and Revival: The Late Medieval Church Pope Innocent III (r ) transformed the church into a secular power, creating a papal monarchy with a political mission that included disposing the benefices and declaring saints. Pope Urban IV (r ) continued the secularization of the church by establishing its own law court, the Rota Romana, and by broadening the distribution of benefices The College of Cardinals became politicized.

Pope Boniface VIII (r ) refused the English and French efforts to tax the clergy, and issued a bull, Clericis laicos, which forbade taxation of the clergy without papal approval. Boniface was forced the make a concession to Phillip the Fair of France, but the dispute led the two into further debates. In 1302, Boniface issued the bull, Unam Sanctum, which declared that temporal authority was subject to the power of the church. Papal Legacies

Pope Clement V moved the papacy to Avignon, to avoid the French King and Rome. The time in Avignon was called the “Babylonian Captivity”, in an allusion to the biblical bondage of the Israelites. <-- Pope Boniface VIII Pope Clement V -->

Pope John XXII (r ) tried to restore the papacy of Rome. William of Ockham and Marsilius of Padua protested papal power. John Wycliffe and John Huss led the popular lay movements, the Lollards and the Hussites, that protested the rights of the papacy. Pope John XXII; William of Ockham; Marsilius of Padua; John Wycliffe; John Huss

The Great Schism ( ) The Great Schism occurred when Pope Two papal courts now claimed the right to power. Cardinals disposed both popes and elected a new pope, Alexander V. <-- For a time there were three popes who claimed spiritual authority.

The Council Movement An effort to control regulate actions of the pope by councils, grew during this time. In 1414, the council of Constance met. In a document known as the Sacrosancta, the council recognized the Roman pope Gregory XII, and one pope ruled.

Medieval Russia Prince Vladimir of Kiev ( ) chose Greek orthodoxy as the religion of Russia. Kiev was a cultural center that revived Constantinople. Three cultural group- the Great Russians, the White Russians, and the Little Russians (Ukranians)- developed. Russia’s hierarchical social structure divided freeman (clergy, army officers, boyars, townspeople, and peasants) from slaves. Debtors made up an intermediate group. Mongols led by Ghengis Khan ruled Russia in 1223, and Russian cities became parts of the Mongol Empire until their liberation by Grand Duke Dimitri and Ivan the Great.