Civil Rights as a Cold War Phenomenon 1

The Cold War Begins Walter Lippmann (1947) Containment—George Kennan Communist governments in Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Poland Control of Germany Divided between England, France, the United States and the Soviet Union Western alliance and the Berlin blockade The Marshall Plan,

The Cold War Home Front Rise of the atomic-age family The “Kitchen Debate”—1959 Democracy at home? 3 Norman Rockwell’s Rosie the Riveter (1943)

The African American Experience World War II experience Segregation until 1944 Tuskegee Airmen Unfulfilled expectations 4

Birth of the Civil Rights Movement Nascent movement in the 1940s Congress of Racial Equality NAACP Voter registration Dixiecrat/conservative Republican Congress 5 Jackie Robinson joins the Brooklyn Dodgers, 1947

Civil Rights in the 1950s Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Thurgood Marshall Chief Justice Earl Warren Civil Rights under Eisenhower Montgomery Bus Boycott “our black people are happy” 6

The Rise of a King Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) Sit-ins Pressure on JFK Response from Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee Birmingham, AL

Civil Rights in the 1960s Civil Rights Act of 1964 Forbade discrimination in public accommodations engaged in interstate commerce Promoted school integration Protected voting rights Forbade discrimination in employment based on race, color, religion, national origin, and sex. Created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Voting Rights Act of Lyndon Johnson with NAACP Executive Director Roy Wilkins, LBJ Library

The Second Women’s Movement Comparison to the First Women’s Movement Seneca Fall Convention, 1848 Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony Women’s participation in the civil rights movement Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique (1963) Impact on middle-class women 9

Women’s Liberation? Equal Pay Act of 1964 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Title VII) National Organization of Women (NOW)—1966 Roe v. Wade, 1973 Equal Rights Amendment of 1972 “Long history” New Right and Phyllis Schlafly 27 th Amendment of

Empowerment through the Cold War Red Power and Community Action Programs César Chavez and Dolores Huerta National Farm Workers’ Association Understand democratic movements within the context of global democracy 11