Unit 7

Unit 1

Hanging of former Confederate commander of Andersonville, GA prison camp Nov., 1865

Richmond, 1865

Richmond 1865

Columbia: SC, 1865

Presidential Reconstruction 1. Lincoln’s 10% plan Pardon and oath—establish a new government 2. Congress’s Wade-Davis Bill Ironclad Oath Strip ex-confeds of rights 3. Johnson’s plan Ratification, amnesty  December 1865 Johnson announces the Union is restored

Radical Reconstruction  Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens  Freedmen’s Bureau  Reconstruction Amendments  Reconstruction Acts Military districts, no-ex confeds in gov’t, ratification of 14 th, new state constitutions  Tenure of Office Act—Impeachment of Johnson

Implementing Reconstruction  Republicans, Democrats, Freedmen  Carpetbaggers, scalawags Culture and investment  New voters, legislators and politics Ease Black Codes Civil Rights Act 1875 Public works Institutional reform State constitutions

Section 4

What New South?  Henry Grady’s vision  New economy Railroads, industrial capitalism  Lost Cause and Redeemers Re-establishment of conservative rule  One-party state  Reform and immigration

Now that We are Free  Black Codes to Jim Crow  Scourge of sharecropping Crop-lien system  Land and labor  Votes and Office  Freedmen’s Savings and Trust  Churches, schools, pride

Section 4

Hard Economic Times  Economy “corrected” after the massive spending during war  1869 Black Friday  Crash and Panic of 1873 Northern Pacific  Banks closed, credit dried up, unemployment soared Depression  Freedmen’s Savings and Trust went bankrupt

Corruption and Scandal  Grant’s administration plagued by ineptitude, cronyism and scandals Poor appointments Black Friday Credit Mobilier Whiskey Ring Indian Ring Shielded friends, relatives

Terror, Violence and Repression  Black Codes, Jim Crow and Segregation Hall v. DeCuir (1878)  Amnesty Act (1872)  Miss. Plan  Rise of KKK  Enforcement Acts SC Habeas Corpus

Election of 1876  19 Electoral votes in several states disputed  Back room negotiations gave 1 vote advantage to Hayes (R)  “Compromise of 1877” republicans agreed to remove troops from the South  Reconstruction ends ( )