Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express A. Pasewaldt 1, K. Willner 2, J. Oberst 1,2, Frank Scholten 1, M. Wählisch 1,

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Presentation transcript:

Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express A. Pasewaldt 1, K. Willner 2, J. Oberst 1,2, Frank Scholten 1, M. Wählisch 1, K.-D. Matz 1, T. Roatsch 1, H. Hoffmann 1, A. Grechishev 3 and V. Patsyn 3 Chart 1> Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt DLR Berlin, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin 2 TU Berlin, Institute for Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Berlin 3 MIIGAiK, MIIGAiK Extraterrestrial Laboratory, Moscow Presentation at the Moscow Solar System Symposium 2012:

Mars Express (MEX) -ESA‘s 1st mission to another planet -Orbit insertion: End of Mission goals: -Mars cartography -Investigation of Martian atmosphere and surface -Phobos flybys -7 scientific instruments, underneath the HRSC camera Chart 2 © ESA > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) -Multi-line pushbroom scanner -9 CCD lines in a focal plane -5 panchromatic channels -4 color channels -Image size: 5,184 pixels/line -f = 175 mm -f-ratio = 5.6 -IFOV = 8.2 arcsec -Geometric resolution: 10 m/px at an altitude of 250 km -Radiometric resolution: 8 bit Chart 3 © DLR > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

Panchromatic channels Chart 4 Channel Bandcenter /-width Viewing angle S2 675 ± 90 * +18.9° P ° ND 0° P ° S1-18.9° * Includes orange and red spectral regions and parts of near-infrared; © DLR > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

HRSC coverage map of Phobos -About 170 Phobos flybys with flyby distances between 93 and 5,534 km -About 60 Phobos flybys where five panchromatic channels were active (Pixel binning: 2, 4, 8) -About 18 Phobos flybys with a good spatial resolution (4-90 m/px) Chart 5> Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

Bundle adjustment (Willner 2010) -Bundle adjustment (DLR hwbundle) -Input: Tie points, control points, exterior orientation -Output: Interior and exterior orientation, 3-D object point coordinates Chart 6 © ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum) > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

Image pre-processing -Choose HRSC Level-2 images -Good coverage -Good resolution -Different phase angles -Computation of illumination and observation geometry -Interpolate blemish, bad and oversaturated pixels -Multiplication with the reflectance scaling factor -Ortho-rectification & Lambert-Azimuthal projection > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt Chart 7

Bi-Directional Reflectance © Albertz & Wiggenhagen 2010 Illumination angles - incidence - emission - phase > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt Chart 8

Image coregistration -Orthorectification of ND channel (DLR hrortho) -Parameters: -Digital terrain models -Improved extori files -Geometric calibration data -Lambert-Azimuthal projection -Phobos sphere (r = km) -Coregistration of P1, P2, S1 and S2 to ND channel Chart 9 Orbit 8794: Red-ND, Green-P1, Blue-P2 Willner 2010 > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

Photometric correction Chart 10 Orbit 6906, ND channel, masked Lambert: I/F = f(α) * μ 0 Lommel-Seeliger: I/F = f(α) * [μ 0 /(μ+μ 0 )] © DLR, M. Wählisch μ 0 = cos(i) & μ = cos(e) > Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

…thank you for your attention Chart 11> Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt

References -Albertz, J., Wiggenhagen, M., 2010: Guide for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 5th ed. Heidelberg. -Greeley, R., Batson, R.M., (eds.), 1990: Planetary Mapping (= Cambridge Planetary Science Series 6). Cambridge. -Jaumann, R., Neukum, G., Behnke, T., et al. 2007: The high-resolution stereo camera (HRSC) experiment on Mars Express: Instrument aspects and experiment conduct from interplanetary cruise through the nominal mission. In: Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 55, pp Noland, M., Veverka, J., 1976: The photometric functions of Phobos and Deimos, I. Disc-integrated photometry. In: Icarus, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp Simonelli, P., et al., 1998: Photometric Properties of Phobos Surface Materials From Viking Images. In: Icarus, Vol. 131, No. 1, pp Chart 12> Photometric analysis of Martian moon Phobos with the HRSC on Mars Express > A. Pasewaldt