What is Energy? Glucose

What is Energy? Some definitions: ability to rearrange Molecules in chemical reactions ability to do work

Major Types of Energy chemical Kinetic = motion mechanical What types of energy are used by living things? Potential = stored chemical Kinetic = motion mechanical Glucose

Forms of chemical energy Glucose Different forms of stored chemical energy are used in living things

Flow of energy- From Chemical to Kinetic Energy

Energy Transformation reactants ------------------------> products Is running an energy gain or release? How about digestion? How is ATP used in the cell?

What is ATP? Energy “Currency” used by cells- Take a second to draw the outlines and label this molecule

So where is all the energy stored?? The energy that ATP provides is a result of its 3rd phosphate bond This is potential energy. Each time the ATP molecule loses its third phosphate bond all of that potential energy is given off to be used in doing work Recap question: what are some examples of work on cellular level? Other examples?

ATP - ADP Cycle ATP is used as energy and its byproduct is ADP ADP is brought to ATP Synthase (what type of protein is this?) which adds a Phosphate group forming ATP again

So what do we use ATP for? Some important examples: Synthesis of complex molecules (proteins, cholesterols, pigments…etc) Sending of nerve signals between neurons ( imagine a stack of domino’s…each signal sent is like flicking them over…setting up requires energy. Contraction of muscle fibers. (flex your bicep…you just used ATP to do that)

Practice Question: Using the analogy of a battery, what is the relationship between ATP and ADP? Please get into your lab groups and answer this question on the whiteboards.

For Next Class: Photosynthesis: Some details Sunlight Some details: Light Reaction Oxygen Water ATP NADH Dark Reaction Carbon Dioxide Glucose