基智科技 結構化佈線系統測試

基智科技 銅線部分

基智科技 Test Standard Requirements

基智科技 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON

基智科技 Link Definition: Basic Link

基智科技 High quality measurement ports of the field tester A detailed look at the basic link Telecommunication RoomWork Area Patch panel TO End of the basic link 90 meter (328 ft) max

基智科技 Link Definition: Channel Link

基智科技 Link Definition: Permanent Link

基智科技 High quality measurement ports of the field tester A detailed look at the permanent link End of the permanent link Telecommunication RoomWork Area Patch panel Consolidation Point (optional) TO

基智科技 –Wire map –Length –Attenuation –Near-end crosstalk (NEXT) loss –Power sum near-end crosstalk (PSNEXT) loss –Equal-level far-end crosstalk (ELFEXT) –Power sum equal-level far-end crosstalk (PSELFEXT) –Return loss –Propogation delay –Delay skew –ACR PRIMARY TEST PARAMETERS

基智科技 –Measures the continuity of the link/channel –Open circuits –Short circuits –Reversed pairs –Transposed pairs –Split pairs –Any other miswires … WIRE MAP

基智科技 CORRECT PAIR WIRING Wire Map Results

基智科技 PIN 4 OPEN WIRING Wire Map Results 4

基智科技 REVERSED PAIR Wire Map Results

基智科技 TRANSPOSED PAIRS Wire Map Results Example: mix T568A and T568B wiring standards = Trouble

基智科技 SPLIT PAIRS Wire Map Results

基智科技 –Equals the length of the cable jacket -Physically measure cable jacket length -Use length markings on cable jacket or -Use field tester to estimate cable length electrically -Use length measurement from shortest cable pair –Basic link < 94 m* –Permanent link < 90 m –Channel < 100 m * Inclusive of 2 m Tester Cords at each endLENGTH

基智科技 Test Parameters 訊號傳輸 – 電氣訊號行走在崎嶇不平的路上

基智科技 電子在線路上以趨近定速行進 (  20 cm or 8” per ns, 1 ns = s 額定傳輸速度 (NVP) Nominal Velocity of Propagation 在區域網路上為光速的 60-80% 此速度視電纜的絕緣材料而定 (max 555 ns later..) Propagation delay ( 傳輸延遲 )

基智科技 The length of every electronic road in a cable is slightly different because of twist rates Delay Skew( 不對稱延遲 ) (max 50 ns differences..) But every cable has at least 4 electronic highways

基智科技 is represented by the electrons that get stuck Fewer electrons show up! heat! Attenuation( 衰減 ) There are potholes in the road

基智科技 Attenuation( 衰減 ) 傳輸中訊號損失的總數 以 dB(decibel) 表示 RatioDecibel 1/10dB 1/2-6dB 1/5-14dB 1/10-20dB dB Loss Signal Source Signal Receiver

基智科技 A bump in the road that causes some electrons to go back Return Loss Test ( 回流損失 )

基智科技 A level problem in the electronic road will cause some electrons to fall on an adjacent road Crosstalk ( 串音 )

基智科技 “Stray” Electrons return back to the beginning On a different pair Near End Crosstalk (NEXT) 近端串音

基智科技 Far End Crosstalk is by the electrons that continue to the far end Far end crosstalk(FEXT) 遠端串音

基智科技 Electrons in the air may be picked up by your radio or TV antenna and cause interference! Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Some electrons may fly into the air and eventually land on earth !

基智科技 The “New” Transmission Model Horizontal Cabling Workstation Switch Four wire pairs – Full duplex on each pair Example: Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T)

基智科技 Power sum takes crosstalk from all 4 pairs into consideration. Remember it can happen at both ends. The concept of “power sum”

基智科技 光纖部分

基智科技 Example 1: Multimode at 1300 nm per TIA Limit per item Qty. Loss Fiber loss ( i.e. 1/2 Km) 1.5 dB /Km 0.5 Km 0.75dB Loss from connectors 0.75 dB dB Loss from splices 0.3 dB dB Total : 2.25 dB LINK LOSS BUDGET

基智科技 Example 2: Multimode at 1300 nm per TIA Limit per item Qty. Loss Fiber loss 1.5 dB /Km 1.5 Km 2.25 dB Loss from connectors 0.75 dB dB Loss from splices 0.3 dB dB Total : 4.35 dB LINK LOSS BUDGET

基智科技 Optical loss test set ·Used for field testing of installed links ·Includes power meter & light source ·Verify that loss is less than “specified” loss budget ·Include 3 dB allowance due to aging to guarantee 11 dB link margin at all times TEST EQUIPMENT & PROCEDURE

基智科技 Fiber scopes ·Used to inspect ends of connectorised fibers for polish and cleanliness ·More than 80% of installers use fiber scopes… sometimes in lieu of testing ·Cleaning and visual inspection with scope is often first step in troubleshooting TEST EQUIPMENT & PROCEDURE

基智科技 A BA B FJ PlugFJ Jack Ensure polarity is correct - connect your plugs and jacks A to B and B to A TEST EQUIPMENT & PROCEDURE

基智科技 Step 1: Set your Reference value Fiber #1 Fiber #2 B A A B Light Source Power Meter SC-SC Adapter Ref Lead SC-SC Step 2: Record the value as your reference power level Ref Lead SC-SC TEST EQUIPMENT & PROCEDURE

基智科技 Fiber #1 Fiber #2 B AAB Light Source Power Meter Cable link being tested 850nm Step 3: “Insert” link being test Step 4: Subtract power level reading from reference power level to get the “Link power budget” Ref Lead SC-SC Ref Lead SC-SC TEST EQUIPMENT & PROCEDURE