08 June 2006 Portland 2006: aircraft certification session Yves Morier The EASA Advance -NPA for UAV systems Certification Presentation by: Y Morier EASA

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 2 Contents of the presentation The A-NPA Comments received during the A- NPA consultation Other selected activities on UAV Perspective and next steps for the Agency

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 3 The A-NPA: background A-NPA 16/2005 has been issued on 7 November 2005 and is available on the EASA web-site: Consultation closed on 7 February 2006 Why an A-NPA:  UAV should be treated using a total systems approach  Multiple initiatives world wide  Some points not fully clear

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 4 The A-NPA: Background Basis for the A-NPA: Report of the JAA and EUROCONTROL joint initiative on UAV (UAV Task-Force report) Regulatory Impact Assessment: 3 options reviewed:  Do nothing  Propose a policy for UAV system certification  Develop a comprehensive regulatory framework for UAV systems Selected option: Propose policy for UAV system certification:  Realistic short term objective  Stimulate development of UAV even if is does not allow to fly directly in airspace

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 5 The A-NPA: a key decision highlighted in the explanatory note A key decision was to not directly address ‘sense and avoid’: EASA recognise ‘sense and avoid’ as a critical issue for safety and operations but… Criteria should be defined by authorities responsible for air navigation services complemented by specifications developed by standardisation bodies then… EASA can certify the systems Consequence: reflected by a statement in the flight manual

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 6 The A-NPA: Outline of the policy Scope: UAV systems with a maximum take-off mass of 150 kg or more; which are not excluded by Article 1(2) or Article 4(2) and Annex II of EC Regulation 1592/2002. Key point is to consider the UAV as a system Objectives: Airworthiness (protection of people and property on the ground); environmental protection (ICAO annex 16) Definitions: Notably of the UAV system

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 7 The A-NPA: Outline of the policy Procedure for UAV systems certification: By and large, Part 21 is applicable UAV system elements to be included in the type certification basis: Any function and associated equipments that can prejudice continued safe flight and landing or environmental compatibility Typical list is provide in attachment 1 of the policy

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 8 The A-NPA: Outline of the policy Type Certification basis: Adapted from existing CS for manned aircraft Methodology to select appropriate CS:  Two methods proposed for consultation purposes: only one retained at the end. Tailoring for UAV of selected CS UAV system safety assessment Special conditions:  emergency recovery capability;  communication link;  level of autonomy;  human machine interface;  Others Detailed guidance is contained into attachment 2 to the policy

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 9 The A-NPA: Outline of the policy Continuing airworthiness: Part M is applicable Environmental protection: Noise: appropriate chapters of annex 16 volume I  Need for adaptation for UAV specific use Gaseous emissions and fuel venting: annex 16 volume II

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 10 Comments received during the A-NPA consultation Some statistics: Around 45 organisations and individuals have commented  Authorities: e.g. UK; France (civil and military), FAA, Sweden (civil and military), Italy, Germany  Stakeholders: UAV Industry, IFATCA, IFALPA 150 pages of comments Majority of comments concur that the option chosen by the Agency to develop a policy for UAV certification within the constraints described in the A-NPA is a step in the right direction.

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 11 Comments received during the A-NPA consultation Highlights of comments: Role of EASA and development of a comprehensive regulatory framework for UAV. Conventional versus safety target approach for certification The two alternatives for selecting the manned CS ‘sense and avoid’ Security Need for DOA Certificate of airworthiness and control stations Coordination with military working group on UAV

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 12 Other selected activities on UAV FAA: See presentation EUROCAE: Has launched a working group on UAV (WG-73) Coordinates wit RTCA activities. EUROCONTROL: Specifications for the use of military UAV as operational air traffic outside segregated airspace are now being circulated for comments ICAO: Held an exploratory meeting on May 23-24

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 13 Other selected activities on UAV CANSO (Civil Air navigation services organisation): Developing guidelines on introduction of UAV for Air navigation Services providers NATO: FINAS WG is developing NATO-wide guidelines to allow cross border operations of military UAV in non-segregated airspace, including airworthiness and certification National activities: France, Sweden, UK to name but a few.

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 14 Perspective and next steps for the Agency Short term: publish the policy taking into account comments received Comment response document (CRD) should be published in June 2006 Policy should be published in September 2006 CRD will be published for two months on the EASA web-site to allow stakeholder to review how comments have been handled

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 15 Perspective and next steps for the Agency Medium and long term: the Agency plans to use the comments to propose a way forward for a comprehensive framework for UAV regulation. Such a way forward should be a collaborative effort with all parties and organisations involved:  One idea would be the development of a road–map with responsibilities allocated to the actors. The way forward will be reflected in the CRD It will constitute the basis for a multi disciplinary task included in the Agency’s advance rulemaking planning

European Aviation Safety Agency Portland: aircraft certification session Slide 16 End of presentation THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION. YOUR QUESTIONS ARE WELCOME