AP CH 10 Personality

 People who broke with Freud, but whose theories retain a psychodynamic aspect  Still focus on motivation as source of personality  Carl Jung and Karen Horney

 Worked with Freud in early 1900s  Personality conflicts caused break  Jung thought  Freud overemphasized sexuality  Jung thought spirituality was more important

 Personal unconscious = Freud’s id  Collective unconscious – instinctive memories held by people everywhere  Archetypes – ancient images in the collective unconscious  Archetypes appear and reappear in art, literature, and folktales around the world  Warrior, hero, mother earth, God, the trickster, birth, death  Animus and anima – masculine and feminine side of personality  Shadow – represents aggressive and destructive unconscious

 Tend to favor one or the other in each pair  Stable and enduring  Extravert-introvert  Rational-irrational  Thinking-feeling  Good-bad  Masculine-feminine

 Not scientific  But, impacted personality theories, personality types  Challenged Freud, opened door to later theories  Influenced Myers-Briggs Type Indicator most widely used psychology test in the world.

 Refuted Freud's theories of the Oedipus complex and that women suffer from penis envy.Oedipus complexpenis envy  Supported the idea that women want the same rights and opportunities that men have  Personality differences between males and females result from social roles, not unconscious urges.  She disputed Freud's contention that personality is determined by early childhood experiences.

 Development can be blocked by a sense of uncertainty and isolation – basic anxiety  Basic anxiety can lead to adjustment problems and mental disorders

 Neurotic – mental illness characteristic by symptoms of stress and losing touch with reality  When people are anxious and unsafe, they become neurotic  Proposed 10 needs which can become neurotic when taken to extremes 1. Need for affection and approval. 2. Need for a partner and dread of being left alone. 3. Need to restrict one's life and remain inconspicuous. 4. Need for power and control over others. 5. Need to exploit others. 6. Need for recognition or prestige. 7. Need for personal admiration. 8. Need for personal achievement. 9. Need for self-sufficiency and independence. 10. Need for protection and unassailability.

 Moving towards other  Pathological need for constant love and approval  Become dependent  Moving against others  Gain power and respect through competition or attack  “lonely at the top”  Moving away from others  Close themselves off from intimacy to avoid hurt and rejection

 Book 1967, Feminine Psychology  Important to have female approach in psych  Like other psychodynamic theories, no scientific support