Designing and delivering great places for mixed and sustainable communities. Ian Gilzean, Chief Architect Scottish Government Diarmaid Lawlor, Head of Urbanism, Architecture and Design Scotland.

Image reproduced from ‘Magnum Landscape’

It takes 100 years to create a community…. [Gehl]

……..but most of us can’t wait that long

Delivering Sustainable Communities at the click of a mouse! This software must not be used without the explicit authorisation of PLC © 2004

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What kind of place do we want Scotland to be? place

Where do people want to be?

key issue = people, place and time

understanding motivations who’s there? what’s there? what’s going on?

Region Whole settlement District Block Plot All places are connected. Our attitude to placemaking at one scale influences the next scale up or down.

Region Whole settlement District Block Plot What scale is a sustainable, place and mixed community?

understanding motivations who’s there? [GEHL architects]

understanding motivations who’s there? [GEHL architects]

understanding motivations what’s going on? [GEHL architects]

understanding motivations what’s going on? [GEHL architects]

framework freedom

Image copyright Yellowbookl ltd

Image copyright Terrain Vague

“the elusive combination of density, public life, [encounters, exchange] and expression” Richard Walker

the 7 c’s place and value

Place and value 7 C’s Concepts Connection Competence Carbon Culture & community Custodianship

Place and value 7 C’s Concepts Connection Competence Carbon Culture & community Custodianship Image copyright Urban Initiatives ltd

Place and value 7 C’s Concepts Connection Competence Carbon Culture & community Custodianship

Place and value 7 C’s Concepts Connection Competence Carbon Culture & community Custodianship Character

Wealthy smart Green Healthy Safe Fair Its social, economic and environmental. Its sustainable and economic. Place and value 7 C’s Concepts Connection Competence Carbon Character Culture & community Custodianship

What kind of place do we want Scotland to be? First Annual Report of the Scottish Council of Economic Advisors, December 2008

The Scottish Government believes strongly in the value of forward-looking, visionary and ambitious plans that will guide development… Extracted from new SPP (part 1&2)

The planning system should be outcome focused, supporting the creation of high quality, accessible and sustainable places… …it is through the maintenance and creation of high quality sustainable places that the most significant contribution to increasing sustainable economic growth can be made." Extracted from new SPP (part 3)

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ON DESIGN AND PLACE New Directorate for the Built Environment Building Standards Planning Architecture and Place better designed outcomes and standards

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ON DESIGN AND PLACE Planning Reform Aims The Scottish Government aims to deliver a modern planning system that is: Efficient: up to date development plans to be at the heart of an efficient system that provides certainty for users and local people Inclusive: local people to be more involved in the decisions that shape the development of their communities Fit for purpose: with a clear sense of priorities, and to address different issues in different ways Sustainable: development to contribute to economic growth that is sustainable. Planning will deliver sustainable development ensuring development is in the right place, and of, the right quality

POLICY DEVELOPMENT ON DESIGN AND PLACE Policy on Architecture po

POLICY DEVELOPMENT ON DESIGN AND PLACE Designing Places qualities of successful places identity safe and pleasant spaces a sense of welcome ease of movement adaptability good use of resources “ where are the conservation areas of tomorrow?”

NEW PROGRAMME FOCUSING ON PLACE Policy and Guidance – Masterplanning PAN

NEW PROGRAMME FOCUSING ON PLACE Policy and Guidance – Designing Streets Signs Bollards Paint what’s missing?

NEW PROGRAMME FOCUSING ON PLACE Exemplars – Polnoon Highland Housing Fair - NORD Architects Initial design After design development

NEW PROGRAMME FOCUSING ON PLACE Exemplars – Scotland’s Housing Expo 2010 Highland Housing Fair - NORD Architects

NEW PROGRAMME FOCUSING ON PLACE Scottish Sustainable Communities Initiative (SSCI) Highland Housing Fair - NORD Architects

NEW PROGRAMME FOCUSING ON PLACE Scottish Sustainable Communities Initiative (SSCI) Highland Housing Fair - NORD Architects What is a sustainable community? Low carbon High design quality Reduce energy use Sustainable travel options Renewable and clean energy Sustainable design and construction Mix of uses Fit in the landscape Meeting housing needs - including range of house type, tenure and affordability Access to jobs, services and facilities Maintaining population Green networks and healthy environments Sense of community

What does all this mean? How do we create and deliver sustainable places and mixed communities?

places that people want to be in, places that work, places that deliver greater choices VISION

Identity Safe & pleasant Ease of movement Sense of welcome Adaptability Beauty qualities VISION

Spatial structure Subdivision of plots Intensity & mix of use Tenure Height & massing Landscape& Public realm Use of resources qualities structures VISION

qualities structures delivery Land management Funding Partners Roles & responsibilities Nature & pace of change [comprehensive/ incremental] Quality VISION

Expand city New urban villagesCity spine Growth scenarios Grow existing villages

STIRLING baseline [a] Size and scale EVALUATION Size/area Sustainable population [b] Sustainable function Jobs Mix of use Housing & affordability Community infrastructure Need for travel Carbon footprint [c] Impacts Impacts on city Impacts on villages Impacts on landscape

STIRLING distributed [a] Size and scale EVALUATION Size/area Sustainable population [b] Sustainable function Jobs Mix of use Housing & affordability Community infrastructure Need for travel Carbon footprint [c] Impacts Impacts on city Impacts on villages Impacts on landscape

STIRLING surrounding villages [a] Size and scale EVALUATION Size/area Sustainable population [b] Sustainable function Jobs Mix of use Housing & affordability Community infrastructure Need for travel Carbon footprint [c] Impacts Impacts on city Impacts on villages Impacts on landscape

STIRLING urban villages [a] Size and scale EVALUATION Size/area Sustainable population [b] Sustainable function Jobs Mix of use Housing & affordability Community infrastructure Need for travel Carbon footprint [c] Impacts Impacts on city Impacts on villages Impacts on landscape

STIRLING city [a] Size and scale EVALUATION Size/area Sustainable population [b] Sustainable function Jobs Mix of use Housing & affordability Community infrastructure Need for travel Carbon footprint [c] Impacts Impacts on city Impacts on villages Impacts on landscape

long life, loose fit good ordinary multiplicity ‘loose Space’ Some ingredients of mixed places…. Image copyright Urahan Design

structure & adaptability

framework freedom

Performance criteria Standards Place Concept Public space Light Enclosure Sustainability targets Community infrastructure Enabling works framework freedom

‘Planning’ Performance criteria Standards Place Concept Mandatory Discretionary framework freedom

scenarios planning for change Scenario A Scenario B Scenario C Kildare Route Project plus QBC Scenario A plus Metro Scenario B plus interconnector Baseline urban structure Baseline density Increased non residential Increased densities Increased community infrastructure Increased densities Increased community infrastructure Image copyright Urban Initiatives

intensification optimising accessibility Image copyright Urban Initiatives

intensification local access Image copyright Urban Initiatives

intensification mix of land uses and densities Image copyright Urban Initiatives

intensification accessible network of community facilities Image copyright Urban Initiatives

Eco District masterplan Image copyright Urban Initiatives

necessary ingredients DistrictsBlocksStreetsBuildings Land Management Public sector enabling Clear vision Spatial parameters Custodianship over time Regulation [or not]