Optical Coherence Tomography and its Application to Tissue Engineering Garret Bonnema College of Optical Sciences Industrial Affiliates February 28, 2007

Technologies at The Tissue Optics Laboratory Optical coherence tomography Laser-induced fluorescence Laser-tissue interaction Lab Director: Jennifer K. Barton

Optical Coherence Tomography and Ultrasound Acoustic Waves Acoustic Index Electronic Light Waves Refractive Index Interferometry

Reference Arm Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector Sample Arm Broadband Light Source near infrared types

Reference Arm Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector Sample Arm Michelson-based Interferometer fiber-based components low coherence interferometer

Reference Arm Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector Sample Arm The Sample Arm Contains the sample (tissue) Uses a scanning mechanism

Reference Arm Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector Sample Arm The Reference Arm optical pathlength changes with moveable mirror

Reference Arm Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector Sample Arm The Detection Photodiode Lock-in amplifier Computer data acquisition

Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector Sample Arm Depth scans by translating the reference arm mirror

Optical Coherence Tomography Light Source 2x2 Coupler Detector

Applications for OCT In the Tissue Optics Lab… (1)Drug Development for Skin Cancer (2)Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer (3)Progression of Colon Cancer (4)Shape of Contact Lenses (5)Tool for Tissue Engineering

The Researchers Garret T. Bonnema Dr. Jennifer K. Barton Kristen O. Cardinal Dr. Stuart K. Williams

The Blood Vessel Mimic ePTFE Cells Two primary components Scaffold –porous, biocompatible polymer –4.5 cm long –4 mm inner diameter Multi-Cellular Lining –pluripotent stem cells –extracted from adipose tissue 1 2

The Bioreactor The blood vessel mimics are developed in the bioreactor. 1 2 BVM Location Sterile Environment Imaging Considerations Pump BVM Chamber Media Reservoir

Development of Endoscopic OCT

Potential Application: Development Tool

Another Potential Application Arizona Heart Institute Problems with drug-eluting stents -Blood clotting FDA recommends more extensive animal and clinical trials There’s a need for methods to speed new stent designs to market

The Blood Vessel Mimic System Barton Lab Intravascular OCT Williams Lab Blood Vessel Mimic need a method to evaluate stent designs that is 1. quick 2. inexpensive 3. accurate and precise measurements

Images of Stented BVM mimic stent

Rotational Scanning Endoscope

Rotational Endoscope Design

Future directions Faster systems (Fourier domain OCT) Dual modality OCT / LIF rotational endoscope – Need for high resolution LIF measurements

The Conclusion National Institutes of Health Biomedical Engineering Cardiovascular Training Grant The Christopher Karl Schultz Memorial Scholarship The Veeco Metrology Fellowship