Cold War

Potsdam ~Great Britain~United States~Soviet Union~ Churchill, Truman, Stalin * Germany would be divided into four zones *Tension between the U.S. and Sovietsbecome obvious

Germany divided

Iron Curtain Winston Churchill- speech about the divide between Communism and Capitalism in Europe

Truman Doctrine Aid to Greece and Turkey to keep the countries from falling to communism. $400 million

Marshall Plan $13 Billion to Western Europe Greatly improved the economy of many countries destroyed during WWII Kept the appeal of communism away

Berlin Air Lift Soviets block all routes in and out of East Berlin U.S. and Britain fly in supplies for327 days Soviets give up and lift the blockade

NATO COUNTRIES

Warsaw Pact Members states: Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania. Soviet UnionPolandEast GermanyCzechoslovakia HungaryRomaniaBulgariaAlbania

Zionist Movement. political movement that originally supported the reestablishment of a homeland for the Jewish People in Palestine, and continues primarily as support for the modern state of Israelpolitical movement homeland for the Jewish PeoplePalestineIsrael

China becomes Communist Chaing Kai Shek v Mao Zedong $ to Chaing Kai Shek (not enough) Mao wins out because of peasant support Nationalist government flees to Taiwan

Korean War Stop Northern aggression MacArthur goes into Northern Korea Confronts China Threatens Nukes Truman fires MacArthur Cease Fire at 38 th Parallel

Space Race Soviets explode an Atomic Bomb U.S. explodes a Hydrogen Bomb Soviets launch Sputnik U.S. promises to get a man on the moon

Cold War at Home propaganda HUAC/Hollywood 10 Spy Cases McCarthyism and the “witch hunt” Duck and Cover

Hiss v. Nixon Hiss is accused of taking bribes from Soviets, denies all accusations Nixon doesn’t believe him and continues the investigation, finds incriminating evidence Hiss is found guilty of perjury.

Hollywood 10 off to the hearings “Are you now, or have you ever been a member of the communist party?”

Rosenbergs Members of the Communist party accused of conspiring to sell Bomb secrets to Soviets Convicted of Espionage, sentenced to death

Eisenhower Doctrine United States would use armed forces upon request in response to imminent or actual aggression to the United States. Furthermore, countries that took stances opposed to Communism would be given aid in various forms. United Statesopposed to Communism The Middle Eastern region contains a large percentage of the world's oil supply. If the area was to fall to communism, the United States and its allies would suffer immense economic consequences.oil supply

Central Intelligence Agency The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian intelligence agency of the United States government. Its primary function is collecting and analyzing information about foreign governments, corporations, and persons in order to advise public policymakers.intelligence agencyUnited Statesgovernment collectinganalyzing

U-2 spy Plane shot down over U.S.S.R Spy program in question One last trip Frances Gary Powers 10 years in Soviet Prison Increased tension

Bay of Pigs CIA covert operation Overthrow Castro/Communism Eisenhower-Kennedy Failed Embarrassment

Cuban Missile Crisis Spy planes detect launching pads in Cuba Kennedy/ Khrushchev stand off Blockade led to ships turning around Remove missiles in Turkey Kennedy a hero

Hot line to decrease tension between the U.S. and Soviet Union Easy communication to reduce the risk of nuclear war