1.CLEARLY draw what might happen to the following graph if by some catastrophic event the human population was cut in half. The blank graph picks up where the first one leaves off. Use the space below to explain why you drew what you did. (10 points) 2. In the notes I described conservation as the act of trying to preserve the land’s capacity for self-renewal (Actually I borrowed this from Aldo Leopold). Explain what this means in your own words. Use examples if that helps. (5 points) NRM 140 Test 1 Date: 9/15/06 Name______________________________

3. Scenario—you are in charge of 150 acres of old growth forest along a river in (of all places) Western NC. You have several management choices including development, preservation, logging or some combination. Use the ideas of development opportunities, biodiversity, aesthetics, personal property rights etc. to explain what you might do from the a the “Exploitationist”, b. “Preservationist” and c. “Sustainable” approach to resource management. (9 points) 4. Answer any TWO of the following in 1 or 2 sentences. (9 points total) Gross Domestic and Gross National Product are common measures of economic growth, but are criticized by conservationists because… How are the concepts of “supply-demand” and a “market economy” related? What might be a problem in letting the market dictate resource management?

Okay, here’s a break from writing. Match the following with the appropriate statement. Each statement should have only one answer but if you think more than one applies or if the correct on isn’t there let me know. (6 points) A.Genuine Progress Indicator B.Green Tax C.Lifestyle Tax D.Subsidies E.Market Barrier F.Economic Incentives _________ Incorporates the costs of pollution cleanup into measures of economic growth _________Increases the costs of environmentally friendly practices in manufacturing, or other sectors _________Placing a significantly greater tax on low mileage vehicles _________Taxes placed on natural resources _________Pays producers to support the costs of growing or producing products such as crops _________Tax cuts to reward environmentally friendly practices.

1.Earth has limited resources 2.Humans are part of nature 3.Key is to cooperate with nature 4.Natural systems are essential for the existence of life on Earth 1.Conservation 2.Recycling 3.Renewable resource use 4.Restoration, preservation 5.Population control 5. A and B should look fairly familiar. In your own words write a nice neat paragraph (with complete sentences, punctuation etc.) to show me you understand the items in A and suggest some ways the strategies in B (or others) can be used to address problems in A. I’m not looking for definitions but explanation which shows me you understand the concepts enough to discuss them in your own words. (25 points) Shoot for at least 8-10 good sentences at least (more if you need but don’t try to baffle me with b.s.) Use space on the next page if needed. If you use the back of a page make a note so I know this. HINT—each term above should show up in a meaningful way in your paragraph. A B

____6. An ecosystem is composed of which of the following? a. populations of different species of organisms b. all plant and animal life in a given area c. living communities and their physical environment d. biomes ____7. Which would NOT be considered a component of biodiversity in an ecosystem? a. genes b. nutrient cycles c. the number of species d. community interactions e. none of the above _____8. The most ideal environmental conditions for a given species are usually found… a. throughout their range b. throughout their niche c. in the center of their range d. wherever there is habitat _____9. Which of the following is NOT likely a service ecosystems provide? a. filter uv and other high energy wavelengths from sunlight b. nutrient cycling c. capture sunlight energy and cycle it into the food chain d. water cycling Multiple choice: 1 point each

10. A habitat generalist, a habitat specialist and an invasive species walk into a bar… No wait, I mean they find themselves living in the same area—such as a recently developed forest in (where else?) the Southeastern U.S. In general terms (since I’m not giving you specifics) what is likely to happen to each population (the generalist, specialist and invasive?) when they occur in the same area and have similar habitat requirements? Explain? NOTE: There are a number of ways you can answer this and many of them will be “correct” What I’m looking for is that you can apply basic principles of ecology to justify your answer. (12 points)

11a. The essay “Thinking Like a Mountain” described changes in populations of wolves, deer, and plants. In the graph below, show me generally (I don’t need numbers) how changes in 1 population can lead to changes in the other 2. You don’t have to have read the essay to answer this question. It was an example. Use wolves, deer and plants if you like but use others if you choose. Just be able to explain and label graph. (10 points) 11b. Would it be fair to say that the changes in plant populations in the essay were ultimately caused by humans? Explain. (4 points) Time Population Size

C A B 12. The graph shows human population growth over time. Provide a brief explanation for what was happening at points A and B, and what might happen at C. (6 points)