Unit One Part Three The Organization of an Essay (3) Cheating in Exams Environmental Pollution Traffic Jams The Problems of Global Warming

Problem-Solution Pattern 问题 - 解决模式

Text Structure (I) 1. Problem raising 2. Problem analysis (reasons or results) 3. Problem solving (suggestions on how to solve the problem

My View on Cheating in Exams (Problem Raising) In modern society of tough competition, examination is an important way to evaluate a student’s performance at school and a person’s potentialities at work. Unfortunately, cheating in exams is becoming more and more serious in many schools, and even universities.

(Problem Analysis ) Students cheat for several reasons. Most parents, even teachers care more about students’ academic achievements than their moral development, which stimulates the students to get high scores dishonestly. Students who don’t study hard at usual time always try to cheat in order to pass exams. Some top students also cheat because they think it is unfair to be left behind in scores. It is obvious that cheating has very bad effects. Firstly, scores got by cheating can not indicate one’s weakness of knowledge and ability. And so it is difficult for the teacher to be aware of the students’ weakness so as to offer some help. Secondly, cheating in exams, like flu, may encourage other students to follow suit, for some students can be awarded prizes and permitted to enter good universities by cheating in exams. Thirdly, it is not helpful for fair competition. Some students who don’t work hard can get high grades in exams.

(Problem Solution) In my opinion, cheating is an unhealthy tendency, and therefore should be done away with. Regulations should be enforced that students with cheating behavior must be punished severely. As students, we should have a correct attitude towards exams and regard cheating a shameful behavior. When most students are honest and strict with themselves, cheating will disappear gradually.

Text Structure (II) 1. Problem raising 2. Reaction to the problem (already solution to the problem) 3. Evaluation to the solution (positive: conclusion; negative: suggestions on how to solve the problem)

Our Education Should Be Quality-oriented (Problem Raising) From elementary school to college, driven by their teachers and parents, students are all striving for high scores, for getting good marks is the only access to good universities and well-paid jobs. And the current education system does not aim at improving the students’ quality, but only at developing their ability to perform well on examinations. Consequently, many students, even those with high scores, often do poorly when it comes to the practical application of knowledge and theory they have learned.

(Attempted Solution to the Problem) Many people have realized the seriousness of the problem and propose to reform our educational system. And quality- oriented education, which focuses on developing students’ ability and qualities, is advocated by our government. Quality-oriented education encourages students to think creatively and prepares them for the fierce competition in the 21st century. It emphasizes students’ healthy development both in body and in mind, and requires the school authority to relieve students of their heavy burden of homework. In this case, exam results will no longer play a key role in evaluating the academic achievements a student make in school. In some schools and universities, students have already started to feel the benefits this new program is bringing about.

(Evaluation to the Solution: Positive) Therefore, the only way to eliminate exam- oriented education system is to apply quality- oriented education system nationwide. I firmly believe that with the successful carrying out of the quality-oriented education, people will see the more colorful life, the looser environment, yet the more creative minds of future students.

My View on Environmental Pollution It is well known that the world we live in is getting worse and worse because of the increasing environmental destruction. For example, many people are cutting down trees for fuel or sale, and deforestation results in the increase of global temperature and unpleasant change of climate. Besides, human beings are being bothered by water pollution, air pollution and noise pollution. Governments of most countries have taken some measures to stop the environment from being further damaged. Many people are trying hard to find ways to prevent the pollution from going on. Laws concerning environmental protection have been put into effect and situations in many regions have improved. However, the problem of environmental protection is far from being solved completely. On the one hand, environmental pollution and destruction are getting worse and worse with the rapid development of science and technology. On the other hand, many people have realized the urgency of solving the problem. In brief, we have a long way to go before we can make the earth a better place to live in.

Written Work Rewrite the composition “Cheating in Exams” in the second text pattern.

One Way to Fight against Global Epidemics Nowadays, new infectious diseases are emerging and spreading faster than ever. Global epidemics have become a serious threat to human health and lives. Worldwide discussions about how to fight against them are ongoing actively. In my opinion, one effective way to fight against global epidemics is to take concrete monitoring and quarantine measures. For one thing, new diseases are emerging at the historically unprecedented rate. Vulnerability is universal. Governments worldwide must keep watch for new threats like the emergence of SARS, new types of bird flu and Mexican swine flu. For another, due to the global boom in air travel, it makes it possible for even just one individual traveling between countries, carrying an infectious disease, to be a threat to others and to cause an alarm or a potential crisis in another country. The WHO also warned that an outbreak of an epidemic in one part of the world now is only a few hours away from becoming an imminent threat somewhere else. Infectious diseases are now spreading geographically much faster than at any time in history. Thus government health authorities around the world should improve their monitoring of infectious diseases, report outbreaks as soon as they happen and carry out quarantine measures strictly. Only by effective monitoring and quarantine measures can we fight against the increasingly serious threat of global epidemics. Don’t wait till winter. Now it is the time to prevent the worse from happening.