Where did it come from? Who invented it?

 Undiscovered until 1901  Work was found! :D  Reginald Punnett wanted to use it  Help of G. H. Hardy  But HOW do we make it USEFUL???

 Dominant genes always “cover” or “dominate”  Recessive genes are hidden  If only recessive genes: then we see them  Mix dominant and recessive: see only dominant  Mix recessive and recessive: see recessive

 Make a game to see what might happen when we breed two parents  See the probability of creating different offspring! (for BREEDING)  Use a “four square” design to mix genes on paper

PP pPp p

Gene Description GenotypePhenotypeAlleles that can be passed on Homozygous Dominant PP Purple P Heterozygous Pp Purple P or p Homozygous Recessive pp White p  P is the dominant “purple flowers” allele  p is the recessive “white flowers” allele

 Incomplete dominance: a blending of the two alleles producing an intermediate phenotype  ex: a red flower (RR) x white (rr)  pink (Rr)  Co-dominance: both alleles are expressed.  ex: black and white feathers on a chicken (Bb)  Multiple alleles: more than 2 kinds of alleles for 1 trait. Blood type and eye color are examples.

 A video on Mendelian Genetics and using Punnett Squares A video on Mendelian Genetics and using Punnett Squares