30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 1 TELECOM USERS AND STANDARDS MAKING A KOREAN CASE STUDY April 2003 The Ad-Hoc Group on User Interests Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA) GSC-8088 SOURCE:TTA TITLE:Telecom Users and Standards Making AGENDA ITEM:User Working Group

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 2 The Background of the Study Questions arise over user perceptions and actions regarding standards making such as: Do telecom equipment and service users know about standards? Do they think standards are important and useful for their welfare? Do they believe they can have their voices heard in the process of standards making? The study is the first of its kind to be done in Korea, dealing with the above issues. The study was carried out by Korea’s leading consumer economists, in collaboration with TTA User Committee members.

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 3 Respondent Profile Research Method:Internet Survey Sample Size:1,060 Sex:Male50% Female50% Vocation:Service/marketing10% Professional15% Office worker34% Student25% Housewife11% Other6% Educational Up to high school13% Achievement: College / university 70% Graduate school 8%

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 4 Respondent Profile cont’d Marital Status:Married 39% Single61% Age:Under 2021% 20s61% 30 and above18% Equipment In Use:Fixed-line telephone20% (multiple replies)Mobile phone86% PDA1.3% Desk-top PC83% Notebook PC8% Services In Use:Voice service53% (multiple replies) service77% Other wireline internet services62% Other wireless internet services7%

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 5 User Satisfaction (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 6 Recognition of Telecom Standards A sex divide in recognition: male over female Vocation is not an important delineator A weak positive co-relation with educational achievement Marital status does not matter too much Less recognition among younger people

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 7 Recognition of Telecom Standards (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 8 Recognition of Importance Overall, very high recognition of importance Vocation, educational achievement and marital status are not important variables A critical generational divide in recognition of importance – calling for more education for young people However, there is a remarkably high degree of consciousness among teens

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 9 Recognition of Importance (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 10 Recognition of Practical Values Men are more conscious of the uses of telecom standards Again, vocation, educational achievement and marital status are not important variables There is a sharper generational divide in the recognition of values than is apparent in the recognition of importance

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 11 Recognition of Practical Values (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 12 Recognition of User Influence Overall, users (citizens) believe that their interests are “reflected little” in standards making All of the major variables are not important Men 36 and above tend to be more likely to believe that their views are reflected (probably they are also more likely to be involved, directly and/or indirectly, in standards making)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 13 Recognition of User Influence (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 14 Will to Participate Overall, people are interested in having their views and interests reflected in standards making Men are more committed to interest representation There are noteworthy differentiations across vocations Users in the late 20s and early 30s seem to be more interested

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 15 Will to Participate (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 16 Standards As a Remedy Most respondents think positively about the role that standards take in finding remedies for their complaints Naturally, the more informed users (I.e., of mobile phones, PCs and the Internet) tend to think more positively

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 17 Standards As a Remedy (%)

30/04/2003GSC-8, OTTAWASlide 18 Key Findings Korean users of telecom equipment and services turn our to be far more knowledgeable and conscious of standards than expected by the study’s designers. They also show a strong commitment to participating in the standards making process. In terms of consciousness and determination, the five variables: (1) sex, (2) vocation, (3) educational achievement, (4) marital status and (5) age, all played different roles, depending on the question. Yet the single most important implication was that young people (the most active user group) were far less informed, but much more interested in standards making. Thus, this leads to an important policy mandate that there ought to be well-conceived educational programs for younger generations.