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3 Demand side management and Renewable Energy In India: Capacity Building of CSOs DREC PROJECT Gujarat Chapter Findings of Consumer Perception Survey 3 rd March 2012, State Level Training Workshop Presented by- Ankur Brauah VIKSAT, Ahmedabad VIKSAT Nehru Foundation for Development, Ahmedabad, Gujarat VIKRAM SARABHAI CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT INTERACTION

4 The Perception Survey Methodology Quantitative - Survey Method Qualitative - Focus Group Discussion Districts –Ahmedabad –Kachchh –Mahesana –Patan Total sample-500

5 General perception and awareness on Climate Change General findings –Climate change/global warming awareness amongst 92.6% of total respondents, 88% of rural respondents 64% of uneducated –59% respondent see Global Warming as a priority issue –16% industrial respondents see it as less important issue –48% think that it will affect overall living of human Response to statements –Climate change is happening- 96.8% –Climate change is affecting everybody-96.8% –Every individual can do something to adapt to climate change – 85% –Living today is more important than impact of climate change-89.8% –Climate change implications on quality of life of next generation- 85.8%

6 Major inferences of RE awareness Awareness about RE in is comparatively lower among women (70%) and uneducated (60%) respondents (total 92%) Awareness about RE sources –Solar 92% –Wind 79% –Biomass-17% –Biogas – 34% –Hydro -33% Awareness about cost effectiveness of RE does not relate with actual use of RE equipments There is a gap between awareness and practice of RE sources Major barriers in adoption of RE –High Initial Cost –Poor After Sale Services

7 Major inferences of DSM and EE Power cut (8%) and voltage fluctuation (14%) are major supply problems (both 29%, total 51% ) Patan (61%) and Kachchh (60%) has more supply problem There is gap between awareness and use of EE products Nearly half of the respondents have fair idea about identification of EE products EE users are not satisfied with the EE products (66%)

8 Gap between Awareness and Practice

9 Issues of RE and EE

10 Major inferences of willingness to pay for RE There is a positive trend to pay for clean energy (62%) More proportion of respondent from Patan (84%) and Mahesana (73%) are willing to pay than Ahmedabad (18%) and Katchchh (39%) Among willing respondents majority (62%) are willing to pay up to 20% of additional cost Govt. subsidy (48%) and better R&D (46%) are expected by majority of consumers Credit facility for RE is known by very less numbers of consumers (37%)

11 Willingness to pay and demand for RE

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13 Annexure

14 Awareness/understanding about Renewable Energy Highlights of awareness about RE TotalHHUrbanRuralUneducatedFemale 92%85%93%82%60%70% Source of RE SolarWindBiomassBiogasHydroTidal 91.51% 79.25% % 34.43% %25.47% Believes that RE can Improve Environment TotalHouseholdCommercialGovernmentIndustrialFarmer 97.0% % 94.0 % 96.0 % 98.0 % Cost Effectiveness of RE Equipments ExpensiveComparableLowNo idea 35.6%18.4%12%34% Awareness about RE run electric equipments and use AwarenessUse TotalUrbanRuralTotalUrbanRural 57.5%78%62% 65%45% Reasons of not using RE equipments High initial costPoor Product quality No after sale serviceNo financial incentive Other reasons 47.5%9.1%21.2%19.2%17.2%

15 Awareness about DSM and EE Power supply problems Frequent power cut Voltage fluctuationBothNoneSupply problem RuralUrban 7.8%14.4%28.6%49.2%55%49% Power supply problem across districts Frequent power cutVoltage fluctuationBothNone Mahesana 12 % 6 % 82 % Patan 13 % 10 % 39 % Ahmedabad 100 % Kachchh 11 % 9 % 40 % EE can reduce power bill HouseholdCommercialGovernmentIndustrialFarmerCSOs 83%86% 92%78%85% Use of EE in HH TotalRuralUrban 58%56%59% Identification of EE products Star ratingBEE labelingNo ideaOther Use of star rating RuralUrban 53%12.5%29.5%6%45%71% Satisfaction over EE products in HH Extremely HighHighMediumLowNot satisfied 7%27%48%17%2%

16 Willingness to pay for clean energy Willingness to pay for Clean Energy Total DomesticAgriculture RuralUrban 61.6%61%53.6%54%61.9% IndustrialGovtPrivateCSO'sEducational 83.1%60.0 %76.3 %53.8 %66.7 % MahesanaPatanAhmedabadKachchh 73 % 84 % 18 % 39 % 0% To 20%20% to 30%30% To 40%40% To 50%50% and ABOVECAN'T SAY 62 %26 %5 %2 %1 %5 % Willingness to install solar lighting and heater TotalRuralUrban 94.5%69.5%25% Barriers to adoption of renewable energy Govt. should provided more subsidy Invest more in R&D to improve technology Surcharge on other sources of supply Other 48.5 %46 %2.1 %3.3 % Awareness about credit facilities for RE TotalUrbanRural 36.6%39.3%23.8%

17 Stakeholder’s Responses Farmers 66% farmers use electricity and 28% uses diesel to run pump set 98% of farmers agrees that diesel and kerosene generates air pollution 22% farmers are using EE pump set but unable to save money as half of the farmers are in fixed rate billing system 64% farmers are not aware of availability of solar pump- none of them using solar pump Households 60% of amongst the aware HH are using EE products Neighbour’s choice is the priority in identifying EE products over star rating Saving in electricity bill is moderate for majority Satisfaction from EE products moderate and less for majority (60%) Only 14% HH are using RE run electric appliances RE technology is not available for high power consuming appliances The cost of EE products is high but durability is less, so net saving is not substantial

18 Commercial 84% of commercials are aware of BEE labeling and star rating 20% have conducted energy audit last 2 years 26% have adopted one or other types of EE measures Industries 96% of industries are aware of BEE labeling and star rating 66% have conducted energy audit last 2 years 70% have adopted one or other types of EE measures Govt. Institutions 72% of govt. institutions are aware of BEE labeling and star rating 20% have conducted energy audit last 2 years 40% have adopted one or other types of EE measures CSOs 73 of the CSO thinks global warming is the much more important development issue All CSOs believe promotion of RE will improve environment 35 CSOs are working with Energy related issues Absence of funding and lack of knowledge on the issue are major difficulty for CSOs to work with Energy issue 49 CSOs are unaware of Regulatory Authority and 68 are unaware that regulator is mandated to consult CSOs and while fixing electricity tariff 74 CSOs are interested to work with Energy issue provided support Stakeholder’s Responses