SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Unit 3

Scientific Revolution Previous beliefs –Aristotle—earth was the center of the universe –Church/Political Structure inhibited growth— focused on salvation and daily mundane tasks Changed by –Exposure to scientific success of Islam –Growth of universities

Scientific Advances Copernicus—Heliocentric Theory: the sun is the center of the universe Galileo—logically explained and proved the heliocentric theory with his telescope Scientific Method –Reason alone was not good enough –Prove what mind concluded –Demonstrate it to others—experiment –Prove w/mathematical equations and scientific instruments

Scientific Advances Brahe—observatory Bacon—inductive reasoning: reasoning from detailed facts making generalizations Kepler—planetary motion Newton—calculus to prove theories

Science for Practical Use Labor saving devices –Navigational devices, farming, weapons (firearms), printing press Power sources from water and wind

Changes in Navigational Technology Sternpost Rudder—improved steering from Han China Lateen sails—triangular instead of square- could sail against the wind Astrolabe—measured sun and stars Magnetic Compass—determine direction from China Three-Masted Caravels—larger sails, more cargo space

Long-Term Effects People began to question the church Some became atheists Some became deists—God is the great clockmaker in the sky setting the world in motion, then hands off

Long-Term Effects People stopped relying on supernatural explanations—there must be a logical, rational explanation People believed other things could be explained through scientific method— empirical research, building on previous research Gave rise or led to the Enlightenment, or Age of Reason