Mediastinal Tumors Dept. of Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg Zhujiang Hospital

The Mediastinum What is mediastinum?

Subdivision of mediastinum as seen on cross section anterior mediastinum (1) middle mediastinum (2) posterior mediastinum (3)

Anterior Superior Thymus Gland Aortic Arch SVC Superior Vena Cava Lymph Node Parathyroid Gland Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Middle Pericardium Heart Great Vessels Trachea Trachea Bifurcation Main Bronchi Phrenic Nerve Hilar Lymph Node

Posterior Esophagus Vagus nerves Sympathetic Chain Thoracic duct Thoracic desending Aorta Azygos Hemiazygos vein Paravertebral Lymphnode

Superior Thymoma Lymphoma Thyroid adenoma Parathyroid adenoma

Anterior Thymoma Teratodermoid Carcinoma Lymphangioma Lipoma

Middle Pericardial cyst Bronchogenic cyst Enterogenous cyst Lymphoma

Posterior Neurogenic tumor

Symptoms Cough Shortness of Breath Chest pain Fever, Chills Night Sweats Hoarseness Pleural effusion Horner’s syndrome Diaphragmatic paralysis

Diagnostic Chest X-Rays CT ( Computed Tomography) MRI CT guided needle biopsy Mediastinoscopy with biopsy Radionuclide Scanning

Treatment Varies according location of tumors Common --- Surgical resection Thymic Cancer – Surgery follow by radiation/or chemotherapy Exception Lymphatic Tumors

Prognosis Varies depending on type of tumors and resection. Benign tumors – excellent prognosis Malignant tumors – depends on the type and stage

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