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Maximizing Science Congressman Vernon J. Ehlers, Ph.D U.S. House of Representatives

Types of Science  Basic  Applied  Product Development  Technical

VIEWS OF RESEARCH The Public’s View: Basic ResearchApplied Research Vannevar Bush’s View: Basic Applied

Understanding- Driven Research (Basic) Use-Inspired Research (Applied) BohrPasteur Data Acquisition Edison DON STOKES VIEW (MODIFIED):

The Valley Of Death

Key Ideas  Disciplinary or Interdisciplinary Science

Disciplines of Science Physics Biology Chemistry

Key Ideas  Disciplinary or Interdisciplinary Science  Size and Complexity of Science

Size & Complexity in Science Size Complexity

Size & Complexity in Science Size Complexity

Size & Complexity in Science Size Complexity

Key Ideas  Disciplinary or Interdisciplinary Science  Size and Complexity of Science  Management of Science and Scientists

Management of Science and Scientists  The type of management used must match the type of science being done  The task of management is, above all, to facilitate and encourage science, not impede it.

Management of Science and Scientists  Basic research : manage by inspiring  Product development: manage by directing

Management of Science and Scientists  We must maximize returns on scientific research by minimizing individual scientist’s involvement in management

Managing Science Management (tons of paper) Scientific Results (published papers)

Managing Science Management (tons of paper) Scientific Results (published papers)

Managing Science Management (tons of paper) Scientific Results (published papers)

Management of Science and Scientists  Managers must recognize scientific research hasn’t changed greatly, but its complexity and subject areas have.

Management of Science and Scientists  Good science managers encourage risk- taking, new ideas, and interdisciplinary research. Problems: Does peer review still work? Interdisciplinary reviewers? Best reviewers available? Encourage new scientists?

Maximizing Scientific Capital (Getting More and Better Scientists!)  Jobs of the future will require a basic understanding of math and science

K-12 Math and Science Education  Teacher Training  Hands-on, inquiry-centered, concept-based curricula  Interested and involved parent(s)  Helpfulscientists, mathematicians, & engineers

Undergraduate Education  Recruitment  Special assistance for students  Internships  Part-time Employment

Graduate Education  Research Support  Teacher Training  Shortened degree programs Faculty & Post-docs  Research support  Mentoring

Who Should Be Involved? 1.Federal Government 2.Private Sector 3.Universities 4.State Governments 5.Scientists Let’s all do it together!