Noah vs. NoahMP Surface Verification Six-month 30km WRF simulations Spin-up soil for one year using offline HRLDAS IC/BC from NARR Verification against ~2600 surface stations ModelSeasonOutput field Day bias Day RMSE Night bias Night RMSE NoahMAMT 2m Noah-MPMAMT 2m NoahJJAT 2m Noah-MPJJAT 2m NoahMAMTd 2m Noah-MPMAMTd 2m NoahJJATd 2m Noah-MPJJATd 2m Green: Noah-MP improves Red: Noah-MP degrades
Domain 2-meter Temperature March-April-May ModelRunoff/ aquifer BTRTableDay bias Day RMSE Night bias Night RMSE Noah MPNoah Old MPN-YNoahOld MPM-MNoahOld MPNoahCLMOld MPNoahSiBOld MPNoahCLMNew BTR: soil moisture availability function N-Y: Niu-Yang groundwater interaction M-M: Miguez-Macho groundwater interaction Noah cold bias MP improves bias Groundwater effect small Access to more moisture improves bias Table fix improves bias
Domain 2-meter Temperature June-July-August ModelRunoff/ aquifer BTRTableDay bias Day RMSE Night bias Night RMSE Noah MPNoah Old MPN-YNoahOld MPM-MNoahOld MPNoahCLMOld MPNoahSiBOld MPNoahCLMNew BTR: soil moisture availability function N-Y: Niu-Yang groundwater interaction M-M: Miguez-Macho groundwater interaction Noah cold bias MP too warm Small groundwater bias reduction Access to more moisture improves bias Table fix improves bias
Domain 2-meter Dewpoint March-April-May ModelRunoff/ aquifer BTRTableDay bias Day RMSE Night bias Night RMSE Noah MPNoah Old MPN-YNoahOld MPM-MNoahOld MPNoahCLMOld MPNoahSiBOld MPNoahCLMNew BTR: soil moisture availability function N-Y: Niu-Yang groundwater interaction M-M: Miguez-Macho groundwater interaction Noah dry bias MP improves bias Groundwater effect mixed Access to more moisture improves bias Table fix creates moist bias
Domain 2-meter Dewpoint June-July-August ModelRunoff/ aquifer BTRTableDay bias Day RMSE Night bias Night RMSE Noah MPNoah Old MPN-YNoahOld MPM-MNoahOld MPNoahCLMOld MPNoahSiBOld MPNoahCLMNew BTR: soil moisture availability function N-Y: Niu-Yang groundwater interaction M-M: Miguez-Macho groundwater interaction Noah dry bias MP mixed effect Groundwater effect mixed Access to more moisture improves bias Table fix improves bias