Grammar Past participle (3) used as Adverbial & Attribute

Rewrite the sentences by using “V-ed”: 1.As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. → _______________________, I was unsettled for the first few days. Worried about the journey

2. As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. → ______________________________, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. 3. As I was exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. _________, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. Exhausted Confused by the new surroundings

4. When he was questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense. → _________________________________, he became tense. Questioned by the police about the fire 5.If we were given more time, we could do the job better. ______________, we could do the job better. Given more time

1) 过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原 因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状 语等。 2) 过去分词作状语时, 过去分词的逻辑主语 与句子主语一致。 Summary 3) 过去分词有两大特点： 表示被动的动作； 表示已经完成的动作.

过去分词作时间状语 1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.

2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six- pointed. Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.

过去分词作原因状语 1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.

2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.

过去分词作条件或者假设状语 1.If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.

2. If I am compared with you, I still have a long way to go. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.

作方式或伴随情况状语 1.The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.

2. She sat by the window, lost in thought. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态

Rewrite with proper conjunctions 1. United we stand, divided we fail. If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided, we will fail. Example:

2. Asked what had happened, he told us about it. →When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it. 3. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures. →Because he was well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.

4. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. 5. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers. Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.

6. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor. Because she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor. 7. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all. Although he was left alone at home ， Sam did not feel afraid at all.

1.Following the old man, we went upstairs. ( 跟着那个老人, 我们上去了 ) 2. Followed by the old man, we went upstairs. ( 被那个老人跟着, 我们上去了 ) Compare

3. 从上面看, 体育场好像一个鸟巢。 ____ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen 4. 从太空看, 宇航员看不到长城。 ____ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen

过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间 存在着逻辑上的被动关系, 且表示该动作 已经完成。单个的过去分词作定语, 通常 置于被修饰的词的前面, 而分词短语作定 语, 则须置于被修饰词的后面。 Attention

1. Last Sunday we went on an organized trip to the forest. 上星期我们组织了一次去森林的旅行。 2. A letter posted today will reach him the day after tomorrow. 今天发出的信后天就能收到。

过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况 : 单个的过去分词作定语, 通常放在被 修饰的名词之前, 表示被动和完成意义。 1. 前置定语

A. 被动意义： an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人 ( 受伤的工人 )are now being taken good care of in the hospital. B. 完成意义 a retired teacher 一位退休的教师 They are cleaning ( 落 叶 ) in the yard. The injured workers the fallen leaves

2. 后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时, 通常放在被 修饰的名词之后, 它的作用相当于一个 定语从句。 This will be the best novel of its kind ever written. = Who were the so-called guests invited (= ) to your part last night? that has ever been written who had been invited

1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 考点点拨 简析 : 首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分是一个作 定语、修饰 The Olympic Games 的后置分词短语 ; 再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说 只能是被动承受, 且已完成 (in 776 B. C.) 。因此, 该题应选 C 。

2. What’s the language ___ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 简析 : 该题应选 B 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 which is spoken 。

3. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 简析 : 该题应选 A 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 who were invited 。

4. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析 : 该题应选 D 。测试过去分词短语 作定语放在所修饰的名词后, 可以用非 限制性定语从句 “which was opened last year” 代替。

5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析 : 该题应选 D 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 which were written 。

6. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 简析 : 很显然, 待选部分的逻辑主语是 his hands, 而不是句子的主语 The murderer, 而 his hands 对于动词 tie 来 说, 只能是被动承受。因此, 该题应选 D 。

1. I like reading the novels ______ (write ) by Zhang Ailing. 2. The girl ______ (write) a letter in the study is my cousin. 3.There is something wrong with my car and I have to get it _______ (repair). written writing repaired Filling in the blanks.

4. I want the doors of my new house ______ (paint) white. 5. There was a ________ (surprise) look on his face. 6. He was ______ (excite) at the good news. 7. The story was so ______ (move) that he was ______ (move) to tears. painted surprised excited moving moved

1. _____ black and blue, the lady couldn’t move. A. Beaten B. Beating C. To be beaten D. To beat Exercises

2. ____ everywhere, the wolves had no where ____ themselves. A. Hunting, hiding B. To hunt, to hide C. Hunted, hiding D. Hunted, to hide

3. The teacher walked to lab, _____. A. followed by his students B. his students followed C. and followed by his students D. both A and B

4. When _______ into the warm room, ice soon changes into water. A. heating and taking B. heated, and taking C. heating or taken D. heated or taken

5. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun

6. Mr. Smith, _______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel. (03’ 北京春 ) A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring

7. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (01’ 全国夏 ) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered

8. Before ____, the machine must be checked. A. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using 9. Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices. (02’ 京皖春 ) A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying

10.The Emperor's New Clothes, is an ________ text. All of us are ___ _____ in it. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. excited; exciting D. exciting; excited

11. She asked if there is anything___ for tonight. A. to plan B. planned C. that plans D. planning

12. The ____ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ____ by his naughty boy. A. following; following B. followed; followed C. following; followed D. followed; following

13. Unless __ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 14. When __, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed

15. ___ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being found B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding

16. I found a car ______ in a pool by the side of the road. A. to be stuck B. stuck C. sticking D. stick