C. Johannesson Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) (What do you remember about mass and volume?)

C. Johannesson Is it Matter? A pencil my thoughts AirHeat Sunlight a laser

States of Matter Solid Particles are close together. Has definite shape and volume Liquid Particles are close together. Has indefinite shape but definite volume Gas Particles are close far apart Has indefinite shape and volume Plasma Superheated Gas, ioinized particles

C. Johannesson States of Matter

C. Johannesson Matter II. Classification of Matter  Matter Flowchart  Pure Substances  Mixtures

C. Johannesson A. Matter Flowchart MATTER Can it be physically separated? Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Heterogeneous MixtureCompoundElement MIXTUREPURE SUBSTANCE yesno Can it be chemically decomposed? noyes Is the composition uniform? noyes ColloidsSuspensions

C. Johannesson A. Matter Flowchart  Examples:  graphite  pepper  sugar (sucrose)  paint  soda element hetero. mixture compound hetero. mixture solution

C. Johannesson B. Pure Substances  Element  composed of identical atoms  EX: copper wire, aluminum foil

C. Johannesson B. Pure Substances  Compound  composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio  properties differ from those of individual elements  EX: table salt (NaCl)

C. Johannesson B. Pure Substances  Law of Definite Composition  A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements.  Law of Multiple Proportions  Elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds.

C. Johannesson B. Pure Substances  For example… Two different compounds, each has a definite composition.

C. Johannesson C. Mixtures  Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. HeterogeneousHomogeneous

C. Johannesson C. Mixtures  Solution  homogeneous  very small particles  no Tyndall effect Tyndall Effect  particles don’t settle  EX: rubbing alcohol

C. Johannesson C. Mixtures  Colloid  heterogeneous  medium-sized particles  Tyndall effect  particles don’t settle  EX: milk

C. Johannesson C. Mixtures  Suspension  heterogeneous  large particles  Tyndall effect  particles settle  EX:fresh-squeezed lemonade

C. Johannesson C. Mixtures  Examples:  mayonnaise  muddy water  fog  saltwater  Italian salad dressing colloid suspension colloid solution suspension