Procedures Ch 9 Urinary System

Diagnostic Procedures Catheterization The insertion of a sterile catheter through the urethra and into the urinary bladder Most commonly performed to withdraw urine, relieve urinary retention pressures, or prevent incontinence during surgical procedures May also be used to place fluid, such as a chemotherapy solution, into the bladder

Diagnostic Procedures Cystoscopy – also known as cysto Visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope

Diagnostic Procedures Intravenous pyelogram KUB (kidneys, ureters, bladder) is a radiographic study of these structures without the use of a contrast medium. Also referred to as a flat-plate of the abdomen Intravenous urography Excretory urography Retrograde urography

Diagnostic Procedures Cystography Voiding cystourethrography Urinalysis Used to test for Blood Protein Sugars Drugs Toxins

Treatment Procedures Medications Diuretics Medications administered to increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess sodium and water

Treatment Procedures Dialysis – a procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function. Two types of dialysis Hemodialysis – blood is filtered directly through a machine Peritoneal dialysis – the lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood

Treatment Procedures Kidneys Kidney transplant Nephrolysis Nephrostomy Pyeloplasty Pyelotomy Nephropexy The surgical fixation of a floating kidney

Treatment Procedures Kidneys cont. Removal of kidney stones Lithotripsy The destruction of a kidney stone with the use of ultrasonic waves traveling through water Also known as extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy or ESWL http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=Yl8Qy79aLk0 Nephrolithotomy Surgical removal of a kidney stone through an incision in the kidney

Treatment Procedures Ureters Ureterectomy Ureteroplasty Ureterorrhaphy

Treatment Procedures Urinary Bladder Cystectomy Cystopexy Surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall Cystorrhaphy Lithotomy Suprapubic catheter

Treatment Procedures Urethra Meatotomy Urethropexy Urethroplasy Surgical repair of the urethra http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=nxajZ50Mqow Urethrostomy Urethrotomy