© Brammertz Consulting, 20091Date: Unified Financial Analysis Risk & Finance Lab Chapter 8: Financial Events and Liquidity Willi Brammertz / Ioannis Akkizidis
© Brammertz Consulting, 20092Date: From input to analysis elements Cost
© Brammertz Consulting, 20093Date: Time to Maturity Volatility in t 0 ( ) Yield Static analysis (liquidation view) Type I and II analysis Time Liabilities Assets t0t0 Existing Business NPV
© Brammertz Consulting, 20094Date: Liquidation view Some thoughts > Concept is trading floor related (sell to the last fool) > What is value under a strict liquidation view? > How much can markets change if Δ t = 0? > Real life is going concern > Why is liquidation view still a valid concept?
© Brammertz Consulting, 20095Date: Contract events and cash flows > Contract events are the expression of the input elements on the time line given a state of the risk factors (state contingent cash flows) > Contract events are a level higher than cash-flows > Contract events are interpreted in two principally different ways Rock bottom of Finance
© Brammertz Consulting, 20096Date: Importance of event level > Rock bottom: The event level contains all information that is possible in finance > Precondition: The input elements must be rich > Contracts and behavior as open dimensions > All financial contracts are homogenous on the event level > E.g. a saving contract and an option „are equal“! > Question: Where are the events in option pricing?
© Brammertz Consulting, 20097Date: The five analysis elements
© Brammertz Consulting, 20098Date: Liquidity vs value view LiquidityZES (Chapter 10)
© Brammertz Consulting, 20099Date: List of important event types (RiskPro™)
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Events on the time line Example: Variable annuity
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Mathematics kicks in only after the explicit representation of the events. Example of events
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 1: Money market
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 2: Fixed bond
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 3: RGM with draw down
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 4: Variable rate bond
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 5: Variable annuity Pattern
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 5: Variable annuity Events
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: > A swap is the simple sum of two basic contracts (example 2 + example 4) Example 6: Swap 18
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 6: Swap 19
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 7: FRA 20
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example 8: Effect of behavior 21
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Liquidity gap > Cash management vs. Liquidity gap > Gap: numerical or graphical representation of liquidity flows on the time line > Needs definition of time buckets > Calculation: > Sum expected cash flows (forward scenario) over all relevant contracts > Group per time bucket
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Example: Liquidity gap results Data: Examples 1-6
© Brammertz Consulting, Date: Marginal and cumulative liquidity gap