Ecchinococcus granulosus Tissue Cestodes Ecchinococcus granulosus Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Ecchinococcus granulosus Ecchinococcus granulosus also known as hydatid worm. Disease: Ecchinococcus (serious disease). Adult lives in intestine of dogs but never in human intestine. Definitive host: Dogs. Dead end host: Human. Intermediate host: sheep, cattle, horse, pigs. Infective stage: ova by fecal oral route. Diagnosis: Tests involve antigen antibody reaction. X-RAY examination. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Ecchinococcus granulosus stages Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Horse liver

Diphyllobotherium latum Intestinal Cestodes Diphyllobotherium latum Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Diphyllobotherium latum knows as abroad fish tapeworm which can cause Diphylobotheriasis. Mode of infection: through consumption of raw or undercooked fish contain plerocercoid larva. Immature eggs are passed in feces of the mammal host (the definitive host). After ingestion by a suitable freshwater crustacean (intermediate host), the coracidia develop into procercoid larvae. Following ingestion of the crustacean by a suitable second intermediate host, the procercoid larvae are released from the crustacean and migrate into the fish's flesh where they develop into a plerocercoid larvae The plerocercoid larvae are the infective stage for the definitive host (including humans). Diagnosis: Stool analysis to finding typical eggs ( oval, yellow brown with operculum at one end) and segments. The scolex is the head portion of the worm, and is equipped with a slit-like groove (the bothrium) for attachment to the intestine. Un embryonated egg passed in feces and become embryonated in water Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 12

Diphyllobotherium latum eggs Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Intestinal Cestodes Taenia spp. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Taenia spp. Of the 32 recognized species of Taenia, only Taenia solium and Taenia saginata are medically important. Taenia saginata, which is also known as the "beef tapeworm", though it also infects humans. Taenia solium, which is known as the "pork tapeworm". Like Taenia saginata humans serve as its primary host. Both have mature, immature and gravid segments. Both have scolex provided with four cup- shaped suckers, but T. saginata has an unarmed scolex while T. solium has an armed scolex. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Taenia spp. (Cont….) In both species the infective stage is the cysticercus. Cows are the intermediate host of T. saginata while pigs are the intermediate host of T. solium. Definitive host: Human. Diagnosis: By finding gravid proglotid or eggs in stool. Eggs present in stool less often are proglottids. Direct fecal smear. Brine flotation technique. Taenia saginata and Taenia solium must be differentiated from each other by the following: Mature segment, gravid proglotid and adult worm. Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Comparison Aspect Taenia saginata Taenia solium Intermediate host Cows (Beef tape worm) Pigs (Pork tape worm) Adult size Longer ( 4 – 8 meters ) Smaller ( 2 - 4 meters ) Number of segment 1000 – 2000 700 - 1000 Mature segment 2 lobes ovary 3 lobes ovary Gravid proglotid With 15 – 30 uterine branches With 7 – 13 uterine branches Scolex Devoid rostellum and hooks With rostellum and 2 rows of hooks Larvae Cysticercus bovis in cattle only Cysticercus cellulosae in pig as well as in man Disease caused in man Taeniasis Taeniasis and cysticercosis Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Taenia Egg We can’t use egg to differentiate b/w two spieces Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Taenia scolex Taenia saginata Taenia solium Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Taenia mature segment Taenia saginata 2 ovary lobes Taenia solium 3 ovary lobes Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Taenia Gravid Proglotid Taenia saginata Taenia solium Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012

Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012 Taenia Adult worm Taenia saginata Taenia solium Raed Z. Ahmed, Medical Parasitology Lab.,2012