Chapter 17 Sections 1&2 THE TIDE OF WAR TURNS

 Abolitionists demand action  As Union sweeps through South, thousands of slaves escape  Supporters pressure government to end slavery forever, but Lincoln only wants to preserve Union  Lincoln decides that if freeing the slaves will weaken the South then it should be done  Emancipation Proclamation  Proclamation made by Lincoln as Commander in Chief  All Slaves in Confederate territory were free  Not those enslaved in North THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

Seen as a military action to weaken the South Added a moral purpose to the War No longer to preserve the Union, but to free millions from slavery A war of liberation Abolitionists were pleased, but upset that the Proclamation did not free all slaves Many slaves escaped into Union territory African American men received into the Union army 54 th Massachusetts Volunteers Heroic former slaves THE NATION RESPONDS

 Slaves affect the Confederacy  Many slaves refused to work or ran away to join Union forces  Upheaval in the North  Copperheads = northern Democrats who oppose Lincoln and the war  Lincoln suspends habeus corpus – the right to know charges against you and be tried for those charges.  Conscription = “The Draft”  Laws made in North and South made required men to serve in the military  The wealthy could pay substitutes to serve in their place  The draft was extremely unpopular in both the North and South WAR AFFECTS SOCIETY

Southern economy Food shortages Inflation – increase in the cost of goods and a decrease in the value of money Northern economy The first income tax – A tax on earnings Greenbacks – paper money that helped citizens and helped pay for war Women aid the war effort Took over jobs held by men Volunteered Nurses ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHANGE