circadian rhythm internal timing mechanism cycle of activity ~ 24 hours
suprachiasmatic nucleus SCN of hypothalamus > pineal gland (melatonin)
suprachiasmatic nucleus
entrainment & SCN What does it mean to “entrain” the SCN? What cues can entrain the SCN?
jet lag fatigue & inefficiency body clock out of phase with timing of your surroundings phase-advance phase-delay
body restoration why sleep? strengthens learning & memory evolutionary adaptation
prevent injury in dark energy conservation predation & meal frequency
evolutionary adaptation gorillas bears lions grazing animals
EEG vs. EOG electroencephalograph vs. electro-oculograph
awake stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 stage 4 REM relaxed wakefulness slow wave sleep resembles wakefulness irregular activity paralysis (pons) rapid eye movement
overnight slow wave sleep REM
awake stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 stage 4 REM dreams w/ plot paralysis sleepwalking sleeptalking night terrors
sleep disorders
insomnia 3 types: - hard to fall asleep - wake too early - wake frequently overnight
insomnia Restless Leg Syndrome
Do you ever clench or grind your teeth at night? bruxism
discussion As a child, ever wake up screaming? Difference between night terror & nightmare?
sleeping pills benzodiazepines “Ambien”
discussion Should a person be accountable for their behavior? “Ambien Drivers”
other Heard stories of a guy attacking someone in his sleep? REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (violence?)
discussion Difference between sleepwalking & REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?
discussion When you awaken, you are paralyzed. You can hear, feel, think but can’t move!
narcolepsy a broad category
narcolepsy sudden attacks of extreme, irresistible sleepiness midday
sleep paralysis When you awaken, you are paralyzed. You can hear, feel, think but can’t move!
hallucinations hypnopompic hypnogogic
cataplexy loss of muscle control during high emotion
dreams environmental stimuli ACTIVATION SYNTHESIS THEORY random pons firing activates brain cortical areas try to make sense of random info frontal lobe is shut down so no logic issues preoccupied with