Circadian rhythm internal timing mechanism cycle of activity ~ 24 hours.

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Presentation transcript:

circadian rhythm internal timing mechanism cycle of activity ~ 24 hours

suprachiasmatic nucleus SCN of hypothalamus > pineal gland (melatonin)

suprachiasmatic nucleus

entrainment & SCN What does it mean to “entrain” the SCN? What cues can entrain the SCN?

jet lag fatigue & inefficiency body clock out of phase with timing of your surroundings phase-advance phase-delay

body restoration why sleep? strengthens learning & memory evolutionary adaptation

prevent injury in dark energy conservation predation & meal frequency

evolutionary adaptation gorillas bears lions grazing animals

EEG vs. EOG electroencephalograph vs. electro-oculograph

awake stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 stage 4 REM relaxed wakefulness slow wave sleep resembles wakefulness irregular activity paralysis (pons) rapid eye movement

overnight slow wave sleep REM

awake stage 1 stage 2 stage 3 stage 4 REM dreams w/ plot paralysis sleepwalking sleeptalking night terrors

sleep disorders

insomnia 3 types: - hard to fall asleep - wake too early - wake frequently overnight

insomnia Restless Leg Syndrome

Do you ever clench or grind your teeth at night? bruxism

discussion As a child, ever wake up screaming? Difference between night terror & nightmare?

sleeping pills benzodiazepines “Ambien”

discussion Should a person be accountable for their behavior? “Ambien Drivers”

other Heard stories of a guy attacking someone in his sleep? REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (violence?)

discussion Difference between sleepwalking & REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

discussion When you awaken, you are paralyzed. You can hear, feel, think but can’t move!

narcolepsy a broad category

narcolepsy sudden attacks of extreme, irresistible sleepiness midday

sleep paralysis When you awaken, you are paralyzed. You can hear, feel, think but can’t move!

hallucinations hypnopompic hypnogogic

cataplexy loss of muscle control during high emotion

dreams environmental stimuli ACTIVATION SYNTHESIS THEORY random pons firing activates brain cortical areas try to make sense of random info frontal lobe is shut down so no logic issues preoccupied with