Chapter 7 – Altered States of Consciousness Section 1 – Sleep and Dreams Good link for sleep stuff

Consciousness Consciousness A state of awareness, including a person’s feelings, sensations, ideas and perceptions.A state of awareness, including a person’s feelings, sensations, ideas and perceptions. Alert Unresponsive Conscious Preconscious Unconscious Perceptions, thoughts Memories, stored knowledge Selfish needs, immoral urges, fears, violent motives, irrational wishes, shameful experiences, unacceptable desires

Sleep html?pid=1582 (Why we sleep) html?pid=1582 (Why we sleep) html?pid=1582http:// html?pid=1582

Sleep 81 (Circadian rhythm) 81 (Circadian rhythm) 81http:// 81

Sleep Disorders InsomniaInsomnia Failure to get enough sleepFailure to get enough sleep Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea Trouble with breathing while sleepingTrouble with breathing while sleeping NarcolepsyNarcolepsy Permanent and overwhelming feeling of tiredness punctuated by suddenly falling asleepPermanent and overwhelming feeling of tiredness punctuated by suddenly falling asleep Nightmares / night terrorsNightmares / night terrors Sleepwalking and sleep talkingSleepwalking and sleep talking

Sleep pid=1583 (Dreams) pid=1583 (Dreams) pid=1583http:// pid=1583 Dreams The mental activity that takes place while we are asleep. Dream interpretation? Why do we dream? No purpose Problem solving? (Cartwright, 1993) A way of pruning unneeded material (Crick)

Hypnosis, Biofeedback and Meditation Hypnosis is a state of consciousness resulting from a narrowed focus of attention and characterized by heightened suggestibilityHypnosis is a state of consciousness resulting from a narrowed focus of attention and characterized by heightened suggestibility html?pid=1609 The Mind - Hypnotic Dissociation and Pain Reliefhttp:// html?pid=1609 The Mind - Hypnotic Dissociation and Pain Reliefhttp:// html?pid=1609http:// html?pid=1609

Hypnosis Susceptibility is essentialSusceptibility is essential Trust is essentialTrust is essential Hypnotized person is not “under control”Hypnotized person is not “under control” Hypnotized person can be induced to do things against their willHypnotized person can be induced to do things against their will You can resist hypnosisYou can resist hypnosis

Theories of Hypnosis Barber 1965Barber 1965 Hypnosis is not specialHypnosis is not special Hilgard 1986Hilgard 1986 “neodissociation theory” Hypnosis is a special state and a “hidden observor” reports what’s going on“neodissociation theory” Hypnosis is a special state and a “hidden observor” reports what’s going on Sarbin and Coe 1972, 1979Sarbin and Coe 1972, 1979 People have accepted their role as that of “hypnotized person and behave appropriatelyPeople have accepted their role as that of “hypnotized person and behave appropriately

How do we use it? Post hypnotic suggestionPost hypnotic suggestion A suggestion made during hypnosis that influences a persons behavior afterwardA suggestion made during hypnosis that influences a persons behavior afterward Hypnotic analgesia HypnosurgeryHypnotic analgesia Hypnosurgery = &q=hypnotic+an algesia&total=1&start=0&num=10&so=0 &type=search&plindex=0http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid = &q=hypnotic+an algesia&total=1&start=0&num=10&so=0 &type=search&plindex=0http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid = &q=hypnotic+an algesia&total=1&start=0&num=10&so=0 &type=search&plindex=0http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid = &q=hypnotic+an algesia&total=1&start=0&num=10&so=0 &type=search&plindex=0

Biofeedback and Meditation BiofeedbackBiofeedback The process of learning to control bodily states with the help of machines monitoring the states to be controlledThe process of learning to control bodily states with the help of machines monitoring the states to be controlled MeditationMeditation The focusing of attention to clear one’s mind and produce relaxationThe focusing of attention to clear one’s mind and produce relaxation

Drugs and Consciousness Psychoactive drugs Chemicals that affect the nervous system and result in an altered consciousness They are taken