Reform in the Early 1800’s I. America needs Reform. A. Due to the United States’ enormous growth rate several problems begin to show up. 1. urban _____________________________________________________ 2. Widespread consumption of ___________________ 3. Lack of a public ___________________ system 4. Continued use of the peculiar institution of _________________ 5. Repression of ________________ Rights (especially suffrage) Problems: Crime, Child Labor, disease, overcrowding, fires, slums Alcohol Education Slavery Women’s B. Most of the people who wanted change were ________________ class and lived in the ___________________. Middle Northeast

II. Religious revival A. ______________ ___________________ __________________ becomes one of the greatest revivalists in the _____________ Great Awakening. He preached repeatedly that people had to make personal choices and focused on ______________ conversion. B. Lyman ______________ feared that the quick growth of America could be its downfall. He preached that only individual _________ _______________ would save America. Charles Grandison Finney Second Self / Individual Beecher Self Control So, Both supported: 1.Equal treatment of Blacks and Women 2.Prohibition of alcohol 3.Abolition of Slavery

III. Transcendentalists A. Transcendentalists believed that the truth of life was beyond, or _________________, human understanding. B.__________________ _____________ ________________ wrote the book ______________ which discussed life in isolation in the woods (Walden pond). He was also famous for protesting the ____________ _____ and being sent to jail for his actions. IV. The Temperance Movement A. Many people felt that alcohol was making America become a country of _______________. B. These people also felt that alcohol reduced self-control and therefore hindered ___________ _________________. C. Women saw alcohol as the destruction of _______________. “Transcends” Henry David Thoreau Walden Mexican War Drunkards Decision Making Family

V. Public ________________ A. Many people felt that public education would create literate and informed ____________. B. ______________ _____________felt that every person should be educated. He also felt that people should be willing to pay ____________ taxes in order to support the growth of knowledge in America. VI. Prison and Mental Hospital Reform A. _______________ _______ promoted the idea that prisons and hospitals be two separate institutions. B. She also believed that prisons needed to be in better ______________. Education Voters HoraceMann School Dorothea Dix Condition

VII. The Anti______________ Movement. A. __________________ became one of the first ideas to end slavery. This promoted sending African Americans back to ______________. The United States even helped create the country of ___________________. B. Many Blacks found this to be ________________. African Americans wanted to have a chance to grow in a country they helped build. C. _______________ _________________ wanted immediate emancipation. He published a pamphlet, Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, It blamed whites for tolerating a disgusting institution. D. _______________ _________ _________________ picked up on this more militant movement form of ending slavery. He began to publish one of the most famous abolitionist newspapers, ________ ___________________. E. One of America’s greatest orators and one of the greatest members of the American _________________ Society was _____________ _______________. He gave eloquent speeches which condemned slavery in both England and America. Slavery Colonization Africa Liberia Offensive David Walker William Lloyd Garrison The Liberator Anti-Slavery Frederick Douglas

F. _________________ _________________ became more of a radical antislavery supporter by being one of the greatest conductors of the ____________________ _________________ (p. 255). A $40, reward was offered by southern slave owners because of this. She boasted that her train never ran off track and that she never lost a single passenger. G. _______________ _______________ _______________ also tried to help end slavery by publishing the book ________________ _______ ____________. This book portrayed the ugliest parts of slavery. H. _________ _______________ showed yet another way of trying to end slavery. He attempted to start a slave revolt that killed his master and his master’s family, but ended in his capture and hanging. Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad HarrietBeecherStowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin Nat Turner

VIII. Women step into the political lime light. A. ______________ _______________ felt Women’s most important roles were in the home as a wife and mother. She felt that Women made men who they are and should be educated so they can create better lives for everyone. B. _______________ ___________ ______________ pushed for women’s suffrage. She, along with Lucretia Mott, organized the ______________ __________ ______________. Here, Stanton presented her __________________ ___ _______________________. This document was very similar to the Declaration of Independents. It preached the equality of women and said they should not follow the laws of a nation that they have no voice in. C. ____________ __ ____________ also pushed for women’s suffrage. She did this by dressing up like a man and voting illegally. When she was placed in jail she became a martyr. D. _____________ __________ was an African American woman who also pushed for women’s rights as well as an end to slavery. She could not read or write, but became a famous orator. ***Keep in mind that these social reform movements, which occurred mostly in the North, separated ___________ and ___________ (culturally) even more. Catherine Beecher ElizabethCady Stanton SenecaFalls Convention Declaration of Sentiments Susan B Anthony Sojourner Truth NorthSouth